The object of the present invention is to provide a Ras/Raf binding inhibitory compound exhibiting a Ras/Raf signaling inhibitory action even against cancer cells bearing proved drug resistance and those with a variety of Ras mutations. The Ras/Raf binding inhibitory compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula (I) (wherein A, B, X, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are as defined in the present description).

##STR00001##

The object of the present invention is to provide a Ras/Raf binding inhibitory compound exhibiting a Ras/Raf signaling inhibitory action even against cancer cells bearing proved drug resistance and those with a variety of Ras mutations. The Ras/Raf binding inhibitory compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula (I) (wherein A, B, X, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are as defined in the present description).

##STR00001##

A method of selectively inhibiting pathogenic microbes includes: providing an antimicrobial compound that is functional having a structure of Formula 1, or derivative thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combination thereof; and contacting a microbe with the compound such that the microbe is selectively inhibited;

##STR00001##

A method of selectively inhibiting pathogenic microbes includes: providing an antimicrobial compound that is functional having a structure of Formula 1, or derivative thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combination thereof; and contacting a microbe with the compound such that the microbe is selectively inhibited;

##STR00001##

A method of selectively inhibiting pathogenic microbes includes: providing an antimicrobial compound that is functional having a structure of Formula 1, or derivative thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combination thereof; and contacting a microbe with the compound such that the microbe is selectively inhibited;

##STR00001##

A method of selectively inhibiting pathogenic microbes includes: providing an antimicrobial compound that is functional having a structure of Formula 1, or derivative thereof, salt thereof, or stereoisomer thereof, or having any chirality at any chiral center, or tautomer, polymorph, solvate, or combination thereof; and contacting a microbe with the compound such that the microbe is selectively inhibited;

##STR00001##

A compound having one of the following structures of Formula (IV) or (V): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, salt, or tautomer thereof, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.10, R.sub.11a R.sub.11b, R.sub.12a R.sub.12b, X, Y, and Z are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds, and their use in methods of treating diseases are also described.

A compound having one of the following structures of Formula (IV) or (V): ##STR00001##
or a stereoisomer, salt, or tautomer thereof, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.10, R.sub.11a R.sub.11b, R.sub.12a R.sub.12b, X, Y, and Z are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds, and their use in methods of treating diseases are also described.

A method for the synthesis of dyes is described. More particularly, a method is described for preparing indigo, optionally substituted, that includes reacting anthranilic acid, optionally substituted, with glyoxylic acid under hydrogenation in the presence of a metal catalyst in a solvent, to obtain 2-(carboxymethylamino)benzoic acid, optionally substituted, and conversion of the latter to indigo, optionally substituted.

A method for the synthesis of dyes is described. More particularly, a method is described for preparing indigo, optionally substituted, that includes reacting anthranilic acid, optionally substituted, with glyoxylic acid under hydrogenation in the presence of a metal catalyst in a solvent, to obtain 2-(carboxymethylamino)benzoic acid, optionally substituted, and conversion of the latter to indigo, optionally substituted.