A Liquid, comprising an hydrophobic flavonoid derivative electrochemically non-active, that is capable of restoring its electrochemical activity, the concentration of the flavonoid derivative being 10 ppm by weight or less, and an organic substance in an amount of 90% by weight or more.

The present invention relates to polypeptide fragments comprising an amino-terminal fragment of the PA subunit of a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase possessing endonuclease activity, wherein the PA subunit is from Influenza A 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus or is a variant thereof. This invention also relates to (i) crystals of the polypeptide fragments which are suitable for structure determination of the polypeptide fragments using X-ray crystallography and (ii) computational methods using the structural coordinates of the polypeptide to screen for and design compounds that modulate, preferably inhibit the endonucleolytically active site within the polypeptide fragment. In addition, this invention relates to methods of identifying compounds that bind to the PA polypeptide fragments possessing endonuclease activity and preferably inhibit the endonucleolytic activity, as well as the compounds themselves. Preferably, the compounds are identifiable by the methods disclosed herein or the pharmaceutical compositions are producible by the methods disclosed herein.

The present invention relates to polypeptide fragments comprising an amino-terminal fragment of the PA subunit of a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase possessing endonuclease activity, wherein the PA subunit is from Influenza A 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus or is a variant thereof. This invention also relates to (i) crystals of the polypeptide fragments which are suitable for structure determination of the polypeptide fragments using X-ray crystallography and (ii) computational methods using the structural coordinates of the polypeptide to screen for and design compounds that modulate, preferably inhibit the endonucleolytically active site within the polypeptide fragment. In addition, this invention relates to methods of identifying compounds that bind to the PA polypeptide fragments possessing endonuclease activity and preferably inhibit the endonucleolytic activity, as well as the compounds themselves. Preferably, the compounds are identifiable by the methods disclosed herein or the pharmaceutical compositions are producible by the methods disclosed herein.

The present invention provides neuroprotective polyphenol compounds, which can be synthetic analogs of fisetin, baicalein or chlorogenic acid, that maintain neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, glutathione promoting, and/or antioxidant properties. The neuroprotective polyphenol compounds are useful for promoting, enhancing and/or increasing neuron protection, growth and/or regeneration. The polyphenol compounds further find use for increasing and or maintaining intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. The polyphenol compounds are also useful for treating, preventing, mitigating and/or delaying neurodegenerative conditions, including diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, non-Alzheimer's dementias, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury or ALS.

The present invention provides neuroprotective polyphenol compounds, which can be synthetic analogs of fisetin, baicalein or chlorogenic acid, that maintain neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, glutathione promoting, and/or antioxidant properties. The neuroprotective polyphenol compounds are useful for promoting, enhancing and/or increasing neuron protection, growth and/or regeneration. The polyphenol compounds further find use for increasing and or maintaining intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. The polyphenol compounds are also useful for treating, preventing, mitigating and/or delaying neurodegenerative conditions, including diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, non-Alzheimer's dementias, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury or ALS.

The invention relates to a low sugar or sugar free concentrated polyphenolic extract comprising at least about 30% polyphenols (w/w) and a protein-polyphenol aggregate matrix comprising at least about 15% polyphenols (w/w). The invention further relates to methods of producing a low sugar or sugar free concentrated polyphenolic extract comprising (a) extracting a low sugar or sugar free plant tissue with an aqueous solvent to produce an extract having an aqueous portion and a solids portion; (b) filtering the extract to separate the aqueous portion from the solids portion; and (c) reducing the volume of the separated aqueous portion, and methods of producing a protein-polyphenol aggregate matrix comprising about 1% to about 40% polyphenols (w/w) using the low sugar or sugar free concentrated polyphenolic extract of the invention.

The invention relates to a low sugar or sugar free concentrated polyphenolic extract comprising at least about 30% polyphenols (w/w) and a protein-polyphenol aggregate matrix comprising at least about 15% polyphenols (w/w). The invention further relates to methods of producing a low sugar or sugar free concentrated polyphenolic extract comprising (a) extracting a low sugar or sugar free plant tissue with an aqueous solvent to produce an extract having an aqueous portion and a solids portion; (b) filtering the extract to separate the aqueous portion from the solids portion; and (c) reducing the volume of the separated aqueous portion, and methods of producing a protein-polyphenol aggregate matrix comprising about 1% to about 40% polyphenols (w/w) using the low sugar or sugar free concentrated polyphenolic extract of the invention.

Methods of isolating phenols from phenol-containing media. The methods include combining a phospholipid-containing composition with the phenol-containing medium to generate a combined medium, incubating the combined medium to precipitate phenols in the combined medium and thereby form a phenol precipitate phase and a phenol-depleted phase, and separating the phenol precipitate phase and the phenol-depleted phase. The methods can further include extracting phenols from the separated phenol precipitate phase. The extracting can include mixing the separated phenol precipitate phase with an extraction solvent to solubilize in the extraction solvent at least a portion of the phenols originally present in the phenol precipitate phase.

The invention provides novel co-crystals of epicatechin with a carboxy-N-heterocyclic co-crystal former such as trigonelline or proline and their pharmaceutical compositions. Methods of preparing the co-crystals and methods of using them are also provided.

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The invention provides novel co-crystals of epicatechin with a carboxy-N-heterocyclic co-crystal former such as trigonelline or proline and their pharmaceutical compositions. Methods of preparing the co-crystals and methods of using them are also provided.

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