The present invention relates to a specific antibody of a protein antigen capable of binding to nucleic acids, or a fragment or a derivative of such an antibody binding to the antigen, for use as a drug, in particular in the treatment or prevention of inflammation, due especially to an infection or an autoimmune disease, characterised in that the antibody, fragment or derivative has a reduced capacity to bind to the Fc?RIIA receptor and/or an increased capacity to bind to the Fc?RIIB receptor. The antibody, fragment or derivative is preferably without an Fc domain, or with a modified Fc domain with a reduced capacity to bind to Fc?RIIA and optionally Fc?RIIA (or even a reduced capacity to bind to all Fc?R), and/or with a modified Fc domain with an increased capacity to bind to Fc?RIIB.

The invention provides methods of delivering pharmacologic agents linked to an internalization peptide, in which an inflammatory response inducible by the internalization peptide is inhibited by co-administration of an anti-inflammatory or by linking the internalization peptide to biotin or similar molecule. Such methods are premised in part on the results described in the examples whereby administration of a pharmacological agent linked to tat at high dosages is closely followed by an inflammatory response, which includes mast cell degranulation, histamine release and the typical sequelae of histamine release, such as redness, heat, swelling, and hypotension.

This invention provides compositions and methods to treat a condition or disease without the use of exogenous targeting sequences or chemical compositions. The present invention relates to single-domain antibodies (sdAbs), proteins and polypeptides comprising the sdAbs that are directed against targets that cause a condition or disease. The invention also includes nucleic acids encoding the sdAbs, proteins and polypeptides, and compositions comprising the sdAbs. The invention includes the use of the compositions, sdAbs, and nucleic acids encoding the sdAbs for prophylactic, therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

Provided herein are methods of treating HIV infection, including retention of HIV+ T cells in viral reservoirs such as lymph nodes. More particularly, provided herein are methods in which an effective amount of a HIV Nef pathway inhibitor (e.g., anti-Nef agent) is administered to a subject in need thereof, whereby administration of the inhibitor treats HIV infection in the subject, decreases retention of HIV+ T cells in lymph nodes, and increases migration of HIV+ T cells from lymph nodes.

A secretion signal peptide sequence (SP) in combination with a cleavage inhibition sequence (CIS) fused to a structural gene sequence in a recombinant expression system can be used to express a full length protein with an SP in a cell. Such a fusion protein may be purified to homogeneity from a membrane fraction of the cell. The SP in combination with the CIS is a protein transduction domain that exhibits superior intracellular protein transduction efficiency when the SP precedes the CIS in a N to C-terminus direction.

The invention relates to compositions containing polynucleotide vectors capable of expressing a nucleic acid encoding a fusion polypeptide on the surface of a viral particle and/or a eukaryotic cell.

A secretion signal peptide sequence (SP) in combination with a cleavage inhibition sequence (CIS) fused to a structural gene sequence in a recombinant expression system can be used to express a full length protein with an SP in a cell. Such a fusion protein may be purified to homogeneity from a membrane fraction of the cell. The SP in combination with the CIS is a protein transduction domain that exhibits superior intracellular protein transduction efficiency when the SP precedes the CIS in a N to C-terminus direction.

A secretion signal peptide sequence (SP) in combination with a cleavage inhibition sequence (CIS) fused to a structural gene sequence in a recombinant expression system can be used to express a full length protein with an SP in a cell. Such a fusion protein may be purified to homogeneity from a membrane fraction of the cell. The SP in combination with the CIS is a protein transduction domain that exhibits superior intracellular protein transduction efficiency when the SP precedes the CIS in a N to C-terminus direction.

Complexes comprising HIV Tat and the V3 loop from gp120 Env provide novel epitopes and are immunogenic to prevent or inhibit infection by HIV.

The present specification discloses HIV antigens, immunogenic compositions and medicaments comprising such HIV antigens, methods and uses for such HIV antigens and immunogenic compositions and medicaments for making a -HIV antibody, as well as -HIV antibodies, therapeutic compositions an medicaments comprising such -HIV antibodies, and methods and uses for such -HIV antibodies and therapeutic compositions and medicaments for treating an HIV-based disease.