The present invention discloses an organofluorine modified epoxy resin for increasing the surface flashover voltage, and preparation methods and applications thereof. In the present invention, the organofluorine modified epoxy resin is prepared from bisphenol A epoxy resin and hexafluorobisphenol A as raw materials in a mild environment in the presence of tri-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol as a catalyst. Due to the reasonable proportion of the raw materials, the performance of the resin is optimized, the process is simple, and it is easy to realize industrial production. By using the modified resin as a matrix and adding a curing agent, a filler and an accelerant, a modified resin composite is prepared. In the present invention, a CF.sub.3 group is introduced in the epoxy resin without changing the surface state of the epoxy composite insulating material, the volume/surface resistivity of the material is reduced, it is less likely to accumulate charges on the material surface.

The present invention provides a resin composition containing a maleimide compound (A), and at least one selected from the group consisting of an organic compound (B) having an acidic site and an organic compound (C) having an acid anhydride site.

The present invention provides a resin composition containing a maleimide compound (A), and at least one selected from the group consisting of an organic compound (B) having an acidic site and an organic compound (C) having an acid anhydride site.

A polymer composition includes a polyester, a multifunctional compound, and a polymeric compound containing a salt of a metal. The multifunctional compound is one of polyacid, polyanhydride, and the combination thereof. Based on the polymer composition, the metal is present in an amount ranging from 0.01 mol % to 5.0 mol %. Also disclosed herein are an article prepared from the polymer composition and a method for preparing a resin composition from the polymer composition.

A polymer composition includes a polyester, a multifunctional compound, and a polymeric compound containing a salt of a metal. The multifunctional compound is one of polyacid, polyanhydride, and the combination thereof. Based on the polymer composition, the metal is present in an amount ranging from 0.01 mol % to 5.0 mol %. Also disclosed herein are an article prepared from the polymer composition and a method for preparing a resin composition from the polymer composition.

The present invention provides an aqueous emulsion composition excellent in heat resistance, water resistance, hot water resistance, boiling water resistance, and viscosity stability and also excellent in stain resistance. The present invention relates to an aqueous emulsion composition including an aqueous emulsion (D) and a cyclic acid anhydride (E). The aqueous emulsion (D) includes a polymer (X) having an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B), a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A), and water. At least one selected from the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) and the polymer (X) has, in a main chain thereof, a structural unit derived from a monomer (C) represented by the following formula (I), (II), (III), or (IV). ##STR00001## (The definitions of the symbols in the formulae are omitted.)

The present invention provides an aqueous emulsion composition excellent in heat resistance, water resistance, hot water resistance, boiling water resistance, and viscosity stability and also excellent in stain resistance. The present invention relates to an aqueous emulsion composition including an aqueous emulsion (D) and a cyclic acid anhydride (E). The aqueous emulsion (D) includes a polymer (X) having an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B), a polyvinyl alcohol resin (A), and water. At least one selected from the polyvinyl alcohol resin (A) and the polymer (X) has, in a main chain thereof, a structural unit derived from a monomer (C) represented by the following formula (I), (II), (III), or (IV). ##STR00001## (The definitions of the symbols in the formulae are omitted.)

Disclosed are combinations of substances for stimulus-dependent release of vapor phase corrosion inhibitors including: (1) a matrix; (2) at least one symmetrical or asymmetrical carboxylic acid anhydride of at least one first carboxylic acid, (3) at least one salt of at least one second, highly volatile corrosion-inhibiting carboxylic acid, wherein (2) is a non-volatile anhydride or an anhydride with low volatility with a vapor pressure of preferably lower than 110.sup.3 Pa at 25 C. The combination is effective to release the first carboxylic acid(s) by hydrolysis of the anhydride and release the second carboxylic acid(s) of (3) from its salt by proton transfer from first carboxylic acid(s), so that the second carboxylic acid(s) is/are present as a corrosion inhibitor in the vapor phase. Also disclosed are methods for producing and using the combinations for corrosion protection of conventional industrially used metals, in, e.g., packing, storage and transport processes.

Disclosed are combinations of substances for stimulus-dependent release of vapor phase corrosion inhibitors including: (1) a matrix; (2) at least one symmetrical or asymmetrical carboxylic acid anhydride of at least one first carboxylic acid, (3) at least one salt of at least one second, highly volatile corrosion-inhibiting carboxylic acid, wherein (2) is a non-volatile anhydride or an anhydride with low volatility with a vapor pressure of preferably lower than 110.sup.3 Pa at 25 C. The combination is effective to release the first carboxylic acid(s) by hydrolysis of the anhydride and release the second carboxylic acid(s) of (3) from its salt by proton transfer from first carboxylic acid(s), so that the second carboxylic acid(s) is/are present as a corrosion inhibitor in the vapor phase. Also disclosed are methods for producing and using the combinations for corrosion protection of conventional industrially used metals, in, e.g., packing, storage and transport processes.

The present invention refers to the use of at least one mono-substituted succinic anhydride before or during extrusion of a polymer composition comprising polylactic acid as polymer component and at least one calcium carbonate-comprising material as filler, to reduce the polymer decomposition during processing and/or to decrease the melt flow rate of such an extruded polymer as well as a method for reducing the polymer decomposition during processing and decreasing the melt flow rate of a polymer composition comprising polylactic acid as polymer component and at least one calcium carbonate-comprising material as filler, the use of a polymer composition obtainable by a process comprising the steps of a) providing at least one polylactic acid as polymer component, b) providing at least one calcium carbonate-comprising material as filler, c) providing at least one mono-substituted succinic anhydride and d) contacting the components of a), b) and c) in any order and e) extruding the contacted components of step d) as well as an article comprising a polymer composition obtainable by the aforementioned process.