A method of treating wood with an organic phosphonate salt in a liquid phase to chemically modify its surface and thus provide protection from microorganisms. The organic phosphonate salts are of Formula III

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wherein R1 is a hydrogen radical or an alkyl or aryl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and R2 is a cation selected from the group of NH4+, H+, Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Fr+, Cu+, Ag+, substituted or unsubstituted ammonium, phosphonium, and sulfonium, methylpyrrolidinium, isothiazolium, isoxazolium, oxazolium, pyrrolium, thiophenium, pyridinium, pyridazinium, pyrimidinium, pyrazinium, imidazolium, pyrazolium, thiazolium, oxazolium, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium, and triazolium, or a mixture thereof, said method preferably comprising using one or more salt compounds having formula III. Products comprising a raw material having been treated according to the method with one or more organic salts of formula III are also disclosed.

A latent additive which is represented by general formula (1). (In the formula, A represents a five-membered or six-membered aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1-40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms; and R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms or a trialkylsilyl group.)

A latent additive which is represented by general formula (1). (In the formula, A represents a five-membered or six-membered aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring; each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a carboxyl group, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1-40 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms or a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms; and R.sup.4 represents an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7-20 carbon atoms, a heterocyclic ring-containing group having 2-20 carbon atoms or a trialkylsilyl group.)

A composition includes specific amounts of an aromatic polycarbonate, a polycarbonate-polysiloxane block copolymer, a poly(alkylene terephthalate), a flame retardant, and a drip retardant. The flame retardant includes an oligomeric or polymeric bis(aryloxy)phosphazene in combination with an organophosphine oxide, an oligomeric or polymeric aromatic phosphonate, or a combination thereof. The composition is useful for fabricating parts for electrical and electronic devices.

A composition includes specific amounts of an aromatic polycarbonate, a polycarbonate-polysiloxane block copolymer, a poly(alkylene terephthalate), a flame retardant, and a drip retardant. The flame retardant includes an oligomeric or polymeric bis(aryloxy)phosphazene in combination with an organophosphine oxide, an oligomeric or polymeric aromatic phosphonate, or a combination thereof. The composition is useful for fabricating parts for electrical and electronic devices.

A radiation-emitting component includes a radiation source; a transparent material disposed in the beam path of the component and including a polymer material and filler particles, wherein the filler particles include an inorganic filler material and a phosphonic acid derivative or phosphoric acid derivative attached to a surface thereof and through which the filler particles are crosslinked with the polymer material.

Certain phosphonic acid salts heated at temperatures over 200° C. generate thermally stable, highly efficient flame retardant materials well suited for use as flame retardant additives in polymers. The flame retardants of the invention can be used as the sole flame retardant in a composition or in combination with other flame retardants, synergists or adjuvants.

Certain phosphonic acid salts heated at temperatures over 200° C. generate thermally stable, highly efficient flame retardant materials well suited for use as flame retardant additives in polymers. The flame retardants of the invention can be used as the sole flame retardant in a composition or in combination with other flame retardants, synergists or adjuvants.

An organophosphorus compound useful in a phosphorus containing flame retardant and a flame retardant polyurethane foam, where the organophosphorus compound is shown in Formula (I) where Y is selected from the group consisting of an —OH group, an —NH.sub.2 group, an —NHR.sup.3 group, and an —SH group, where R.sup.3 is a monovalent hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R is a divalent hydrocarbyl group; X is a heteroatom group; and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be optionally joined to form a ring. ##STR00001##

An organophosphorus compound useful in a phosphorus containing flame retardant and a flame retardant polyurethane foam, where the organophosphorus compound is shown in Formula (I) where Y is selected from the group consisting of an —OH group, an —NH.sub.2 group, an —NHR.sup.3 group, and an —SH group, where R.sup.3 is a monovalent hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R is a divalent hydrocarbyl group; X is a heteroatom group; and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group, wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 can be optionally joined to form a ring. ##STR00001##