A stable three-dimensional core-shell metal-nitride catalyst consisting of NiFeN nanoparticles decorated on NiMoN nanorods supported on porous Ni foam (NiMoN@NiFeN), which functions as an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst for alkaline seawater electrolysis. It yields large current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm.sup.−2 at overpotentials of 369 and 398 mV, respectively, in alkaline natural seawater at 25° C. Combined with an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst of NiMoN nanorods, current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm.sup.−2 at low voltages of 1.608 and 1.709 V, respectively are achieved for overall alkaline seawater splitting at 60° C.

A stable three-dimensional core-shell metal-nitride catalyst consisting of NiFeN nanoparticles decorated on NiMoN nanorods supported on porous Ni foam (NiMoN@NiFeN), which functions as an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst for alkaline seawater electrolysis. It yields large current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm.sup.−2 at overpotentials of 369 and 398 mV, respectively, in alkaline natural seawater at 25° C. Combined with an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst of NiMoN nanorods, current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm.sup.−2 at low voltages of 1.608 and 1.709 V, respectively are achieved for overall alkaline seawater splitting at 60° C.

A method for producing 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) by electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is provided, where the catalytic oxidation is conducted using an electrolytic cell; the electrolytic cell is a three-electrode electrolytic cell or a two-electrode electrolytic cell; an anode used is a monolithic electrode; the monolithic electrode includes a carrier and a catalytically active substance loaded on the carrier; and the catalytically active substance includes cobaltosic oxide particle-encapsulated nitrogen-doped carbon nanowires. The method has high activity and high selectivity, and the anodic catalyst is highly tolerant to HMF.

A method for producing 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) by electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is provided, where the catalytic oxidation is conducted using an electrolytic cell; the electrolytic cell is a three-electrode electrolytic cell or a two-electrode electrolytic cell; an anode used is a monolithic electrode; the monolithic electrode includes a carrier and a catalytically active substance loaded on the carrier; and the catalytically active substance includes cobaltosic oxide particle-encapsulated nitrogen-doped carbon nanowires. The method has high activity and high selectivity, and the anodic catalyst is highly tolerant to HMF.

The present technology relates to an electrode for electrolysis which has a coating layer containing an ytterbium oxide, wherein the electrode for electrolysis of the present technology is characterized by exhibiting excellent durability and improved overvoltage. Further, the present technology relates to a method of preparing an electrode for electrolysis which includes: applying a coating composition on at least one surface of a metal base, and coating by drying and heat-treating the metal base on which the coating composition has been applied, wherein the coating composition includes a ruthenium precursor and an ytterbium precursor.

The present technology relates to an electrode for electrolysis which has a coating layer containing an ytterbium oxide, wherein the electrode for electrolysis of the present technology is characterized by exhibiting excellent durability and improved overvoltage. Further, the present technology relates to a method of preparing an electrode for electrolysis which includes: applying a coating composition on at least one surface of a metal base, and coating by drying and heat-treating the metal base on which the coating composition has been applied, wherein the coating composition includes a ruthenium precursor and an ytterbium precursor.

This invention relates to a device for the electrolytic production of hydrogen and oxygen from a water-containing liquid, the device comprising: an anodic half-cell (3) and a cathodic half-cell (4), with an anion exchange membrane (9) situated between the two half-cells. The electrodes (7, 8) of the half-cells (3, 4) and the anion exchange membrane (9) form a membrane/electrode assembly (MEA). There is also provided means (2) for feeding the water-containing liquid to only one of the anodic half-cell (3) and the cathodic half-cell (4), wherein the electrode in the other, substantially dry, half-cell is ionomer-free and/or binder-free.

This invention relates to a device for the electrolytic production of hydrogen and oxygen from a water-containing liquid, the device comprising: an anodic half-cell (3) and a cathodic half-cell (4), with an anion exchange membrane (9) situated between the two half-cells. The electrodes (7, 8) of the half-cells (3, 4) and the anion exchange membrane (9) form a membrane/electrode assembly (MEA). There is also provided means (2) for feeding the water-containing liquid to only one of the anodic half-cell (3) and the cathodic half-cell (4), wherein the electrode in the other, substantially dry, half-cell is ionomer-free and/or binder-free.

To provide an electrolysis electrode having a more preferable shape in electrolyzing pure water, an alkali aqueous solution, or an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride at a lower voltage than ever before, and an electrolyzer using the same. An electrolysis electrode or the like including: a metal perforated plate having a value of Factor V of 40 or more represented by the formula: Factor V=Rs×Rc×F/100000, in which Rs is a planar direction surface area per unit area 1 dm.sup.2 [cm.sup.2/dm.sup.2], Rc is a thickness direction surface area per unit area 1 dm.sup.2 [cm.sup.2/dm.sup.2], and F is the number of mesh apertures per unit area 1 dm.sup.2 (fine degree) [number/dm.sup.2].

To provide an electrolysis electrode having a more preferable shape in electrolyzing pure water, an alkali aqueous solution, or an aqueous solution of an alkali metal chloride at a lower voltage than ever before, and an electrolyzer using the same. An electrolysis electrode or the like including: a metal perforated plate having a value of Factor V of 40 or more represented by the formula: Factor V=Rs×Rc×F/100000, in which Rs is a planar direction surface area per unit area 1 dm.sup.2 [cm.sup.2/dm.sup.2], Rc is a thickness direction surface area per unit area 1 dm.sup.2 [cm.sup.2/dm.sup.2], and F is the number of mesh apertures per unit area 1 dm.sup.2 (fine degree) [number/dm.sup.2].