The present disclosure provides methods, compositions, devices, systems and uses that pertain to the electrochemical reduction of CO.sub.2 to CO. The application presents a class of electrodes, incorporating molecular catalysts in nanostructures, for robust and efficient electrochemical systems, specifically, selective and robust hybrid electrodes, by incorporating a rhenium (Re) catalyst into the structure of highly porous heterogeneous materials. These electrodes can be scaled up to desired manufacturing dimensions due to their robust nature and methods of preparation.

The present disclosure provides methods, compositions, devices, systems and uses that pertain to the electrochemical reduction of CO.sub.2 to CO. The application presents a class of electrodes, incorporating molecular catalysts in nanostructures, for robust and efficient electrochemical systems, specifically, selective and robust hybrid electrodes, by incorporating a rhenium (Re) catalyst into the structure of highly porous heterogeneous materials. These electrodes can be scaled up to desired manufacturing dimensions due to their robust nature and methods of preparation.

Disclosed are a metal/carbon-dioxide battery and a hydrogen production and carbon dioxide storage system including the same.

Disclosed are a metal/carbon-dioxide battery and a hydrogen production and carbon dioxide storage system including the same.

The present disclosure relates to a carbon dioxide capture device comprising a first reactor and a second reactor both of which show a (photo)anode containing or connected to oxygen evolution and/or carbon dioxide evolution catalyst(s) and a (photo)cathode containing or connected to an oxygen reduction catalyst, wherein the first reactor comprises an anion exchange membrane placed between the porous (photo)anode and porous (photo)cathode, and the second reactor comprises a proton exchange membrane placed between the porous (photo)anode and porous (photo)cathode. On the porous (photo)cathode side of the first reactor there is a fluid inlet able to carry carbon dioxide, air and water, and on the side of the porous (photo)cathode of the second reactor there is a fluid outlet able to carry carbon dioxide and water.

A copper nanocatalyst, a method for preparing the copper nanocatalyst, and an application of the copper nanocatalyst in the synthesis of acetate or ammonia are provided. The copper nanocatalyst includes a substrate and an active agent loaded on the substrate. The method includes: preparing a cleaning agent by using an ethanol and a deionized; immersing the active agent in the cleaning agent, ultrasonically cleaning for 5-10 min at a frequency of 4×10.sup.4 Hz-8×10.sup.4 Hz, and drying for later use; mixing the cleaned active agent and a conductive binder according to a mass ratio of 1:19-9:1 of the active agent to the conductive binder, adding the ethanol, and fully stirring and dispersing to obtain a slurry; coating the slurry on a surface of the carbon paper, and drying the carbon paper by blowing through nitrogen flow to obtain the catalyst.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a metal-carbon composite. The method includes synthesizing a planarized ligand compound via planarization-modification of a polyphenol-based ligand compound; synthesizing a metal-organic composite via hydrothermal synthesis of a mixed solution of the planarized ligand compound and metal ions; drying the metal-organic composite to prepare precursor powders; and carbonizing the precursor powders.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a metal-carbon composite. The method includes synthesizing a planarized ligand compound via planarization-modification of a polyphenol-based ligand compound; synthesizing a metal-organic composite via hydrothermal synthesis of a mixed solution of the planarized ligand compound and metal ions; drying the metal-organic composite to prepare precursor powders; and carbonizing the precursor powders.

Electrochemical systems and methods for cleaving C—C bonds are disclosed. In performing the method, a reactant adsorption electrical potential, a C—C bond breaking electrical potential, and a desorption electrical potential are sequentially applied to an electrode pair contacting a composition initially containing a target chemical reactant, such as a polymer or alkane. As a result of performing the method, one or more desired chemical products, such as smaller alkane-containing molecules, are released from the electrode into the region between the electrode pairs. The method may be performed at ambient temperatures using renewable electricity.

Electrochemical systems and methods for cleaving C—C bonds are disclosed. In performing the method, a reactant adsorption electrical potential, a C—C bond breaking electrical potential, and a desorption electrical potential are sequentially applied to an electrode pair contacting a composition initially containing a target chemical reactant, such as a polymer or alkane. As a result of performing the method, one or more desired chemical products, such as smaller alkane-containing molecules, are released from the electrode into the region between the electrode pairs. The method may be performed at ambient temperatures using renewable electricity.