A method for manufacturing an environmental barrier comprising the steps of coating a rare earth silicate powder with a precursor of a densification agent in order to form a rare earth silicate powder coated with the precursor of the densification agent, thermally spraying the coated powder onto a substrate in order to obtain an at least partially amorphous environmental barrier on the substrate and thermally treating the environmental barrier in order to crystallize and densify the environmental barrier.

A dielectric ceramic that includes multiple crystal grains, each of the multiple crystal grains having an interface, a barium titanate (BaTiO.sub.3)-based compound as a main component thereof, and a rare earth element. The dielectric ceramic has a cross-section in which the multiple crystal grains has a concentration varying region, a high concentration region, and a low concentration region. The concentration varying region has an RE/Ti ratio differing by 3% or more. The high concentration region has an RE/Ti ratio of 5% to 20%. The low concentration region has an RE/Ti ratio of 0% to 2%.

Methods of flash sintering have been developed in which particle are initially coated with thin layers by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Examples are provided in which 8 mol % yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) particles are coated with small quantities of Al.sub.2O.sub.3 by particle atomic layer deposition (ALD). Sintered materials that result from the process have been characterized. Sintered materials having unique characteristics are also described.

Disclosed are methods of forming a chamber component for a process chamber. The methods may include filling a mold with nanoparticles or plasma spraying nanoparticles, where at least a portion of the nanoparticles include a core particle and a thin film coating over the core particle. The core particle and thin film are formed of, independently, a rare earth metal-containing oxide, a rare earth metal-containing fluoride, a rare earth metal-containing oxyfluoride, or combinations thereof. The nanoparticles may have a donut-shape having a spherical form with indentations on opposite sides. The methods also may include sintering the nanoparticles to form the chamber component and materials. Further described are chamber components and coatings formed from the described nanoparticles.

A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a multilayer structure having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and including dielectric layers and internal electrode layers that are alternately stacked, the dielectric layers being mainly composed of BaTiO.sub.3, the internal electrode layers being alternately exposed to two edge faces of the multilayer chip opposite to each other. A Zr/Ti ratio is 0.02 or more and 0.10 or less in a capacity section. A Ba/Ti ratio is more than 0.900 and less than 1.010 in the capacity section. A Eu/Ti ratio is 0.005 or more and 0.05 or less in the capacity section. A Mn/Ti ratio is 0.0005 or more and 0.05 or less in the capacity section. A total amount of a rare earth element or rare earth elements is less than the amount of Eu.

A blade made of layered material, such as composite material, configured for exposure to a fluid flow, comprises skins (1, 2) defined between a leading edge (3) and a trailing edge (4) which skins in cross-section form a flow profile. The layered material may consist of several layers of fiber material (5, 5′, . . . ) impregnated with a matrix material, wherein layers of fiber material each comprise a respective body portion (6, 6′, . . . , 13) between and transverse to the skins and each at least a respective skin portion (7, 7′, . . . ; 8, 8′, . . . ) that forms part of the skins. The said skin portions all extend from the related body portion in the direction of the trailing edge. Of said skin portions at least two consecutive skin portions of the one skin overlap and/or two consecutive skin portions of the other skin overlap each other.

Methods for producing oxide/metal composite components for use in high temperature systems, and components produced thereby. The methods use a fluid reactant and a porous preform that contains a solid oxide reactant. The fluid reactant contains yttrium as a displacing metal and the solid oxide reactant of the preform contains niobium oxide, of which niobium cations are displaceable species. The preform is infiltrated with the fluid reactant to react its yttrium with the niobium oxide of the solid oxide reactant and produce an yttria/niobium composite component, during which yttrium at least partially replaces the niobium cations of the solid oxide reactant to produce yttria and niobium metal, which together define a reaction product. The pore volume of the preform is at least partially filled by the reaction product, whose volume is greater than the volume lost by the solid oxide reactant as a result of reacting yttrium and niobium oxide.

Methods for producing oxide/metal composite components for use in high temperature systems, and components produced thereby. The methods use a fluid reactant and a porous preform that contains a solid oxide reactant. The fluid reactant contains yttrium as a displacing metal and the solid oxide reactant of the preform contains niobium oxide, of which niobium cations are displaceable species. The preform is infiltrated with the fluid reactant to react its yttrium with the niobium oxide of the solid oxide reactant and produce an yttria/niobium composite component, during which yttrium at least partially replaces the niobium cations of the solid oxide reactant to produce yttria and niobium metal, which together define a reaction product. The pore volume of the preform is at least partially filled by the reaction product, whose volume is greater than the volume lost by the solid oxide reactant as a result of reacting yttrium and niobium oxide.

Methods of forming nanoceramic materials and components. The methods may include performing atomic layer deposition to form a plurality of nanoparticles, including forming a thin film coating over core particles, or sintering the nanoparticles in a mold. The nanoparticles can include a first material selected from a rare earth metal-containing oxide, a rare earth metal-containing fluoride, a rare earth metal-containing oxyfluoride or combinations thereof.

The present invention provides a zirconia sintered body containing a fluorescent agent and having excellent translucency and excellent strength. The present invention also provides a zirconia shaped body and a zirconia calcined body from which the zirconia sintered body can be obtained. The present invention relates to a zirconia sintered body comprising a fluorescent agent, wherein the zirconia sintered body comprises 4.5 to 9.0 mol % yttria, and has a crystal grain size of 180 nm or less, and a three-point flexural strength of 500 MPa or more. The present invention relates to a zirconia shaped body comprising a fluorescent agent, wherein the zirconia shaped body comprises 4.5 to 9.0 mol % yttria, and has a three-point flexural strength of 500 MPa or more after being sintered at 1,100° C. for 2 hours under ordinary pressure, and a crystal grain size of 180 nm or less after being sintered at 1,100° C. for 2 hours under ordinary pressure. The present invention relates to a zirconia calcined body comprising a fluorescent agent, wherein the zirconia calcined body comprises 4.5 to 9.0 mol % yttria, and has a three-point flexural strength of 500 MPa or more after being sintered at 1,100° C. for 2 hours under ordinary pressure, and a crystal grain size of 180 nm or less after being sintered at 1,100° C. for 2 hours under ordinary pressure.