A phosphorus-containing resin, wherein the phosphorus-containing resin comprises a structure as below:

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.A and R.sup.B are each independently a phenylethene group; Ar.sup.1, Ar.sup.2 are each independently a bivalent arylene group. The phosphorus-containing resin of the instant disclosure has high reactivity, and may crosslink with other materials, making the flame-retardant and heat-resistant composition possess excellent flame-retardant and heat resistance effect, therefore having high industrial value.

Disclosed embodiments concern a phosphorus-containing heterocyclic compound. Certain embodiments, fluoresce with excitation by light. The compounds are useful as fluorescent probes and as bioisosteres. In some embodiments, the compounds are bioisosteres of carbostyils. Also disclosed is a method for making the compounds.

Provided is a resin composition having excellent flame retardance, molding processability, and post-heat aging flame retardance. A flame-retardant resin composition contains: (A) a polyphenylene ether; (B) at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of (B-1) a polystyrene resin, (B-2) a polyamide resin, (B-3) a polypropylene resin, and (B-4) a polyphenylene sulfide resin; and (C) a flame retardant. The (A) component has a content of less than 50 mass % when the flame-retardant resin composition minus ash content is taken to be 100 mass %. The flame-retardant resin composition has a flame retardance level of V-0 as measured by a UL 94 vertical burning test. A molded article formed from the flame-retardant resin composition exhibits a rate of change of chloroform-insoluble content of no greater than 15 mass % before and after being subjected to aging in which the molded article is left for 1,000 hours at 150 C. in an atmospheric environment.

Provided is a phosphaphenanthrene-based compound represented by the following chemical structure: ##STR00001##
The phosphaphenanthrene-based compound can be added in a resin composition and made into a prepreg or resin film. The prepreg or resin film made from such resin composition has low coefficient of thermal expansion, low dielectric constant and dissipation factor, and flame retardancy, thereby being suitable for copper-clad laminate or printed circuit board.

The present invention relates to triazine-intercalated metal phosphates including at least one monomer unit of the following general formula (I):

(A-H).sub.a.sup.(+)[M.sub.b.sup.m+(H.sub.2PO.sub.4).sub.x1.sup.()(HPO.sub.4).sub.x2.sup.2()(PO.sub.4).sub.x3.sup.3()(PO.sub.3).sub.y.sup.()].sup.(a)*pH.sub.2O(I)

The invention further relates to the use thereof, the specific compounds of the general formula (1), to the preparation thereof, and to compositions.

A process for making a phosphorus-containing compound is disclosed. The process comprises contacting a compound of formula (A) wherein R.sup.A and R.sup.B are selected from optionally substituted aryl, aryloxy, alkyl and alkoxy groups or can be combined to form cyclic structures; and R.sup.C is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, phenyl or benzyl; and a compound of formula (B) wherein R.sup.1-R.sup.4 are selected from optionally substituted aryl, aryloxy, alkyl and alkoxy groups. The phosphorus-containing compound can then be used as a flame retardants for polymers, especially for epoxy, polyurethane, thermosetting resins and thermoplastic polymers. Such flame retardant-containing polymers can be used to make protective coating formulations and ignition-resistant fabricated articles, such as electrical laminates, polyurethane foams, and various molded and/or foamed thermoplastic products.

Certain phosphonic acid salts heated at temperatures over 200 C. generate thermally stable, highly efficient flame retardant materials well suited for use as flame retardant additives in polymers. Various methods for preparing flame retardant materials from more than one phosphonic acid salts are provided, wherein each method can generate different flame retardant materials from the same mixture of starting phosphonic acids. The flame retardants of the invention can be used as the sole flame retardant in a composition or in combination with other flame retardants, synergists or adjuvants.

Disclosed are flame retardants comprising compounds of Formula 1, wherein the polyol is a disaccharide or a C.sub.12 sugar alcohol, which has at least one glucose or one fructose unit per molecule, R.sup.1 is H or CH.sub.3; R.sup.2 is H or CH.sub.3; m is an integer ranging from 6 to 9; and n is an integer ranging from 2 to 9.

Also disclosed are methods for producing the inventive flame retardants, thermoplastic compositions and articles comprising the same, and methods for improving flame retardancy of thermoplastic polymers using the same.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to flame retardant compositions comprising (a) at least one triazine-intercalated metal phosphate with open framework structure with at least one monomer unit of the following general formula (I):
(A-H).sub.a.sup.(+)[M.sub.b.sup.m+(H.sub.2PO.sub.4).sub.x1.sup.()(HPO.sub.4).sub.x2.sup.2()(PO.sub.4).sub.x3.sup.3()(PO.sub.3).sub.y.sup.()].sup.(a)*pH.sub.2O(I)
and (b) at least one flame retardant component other than (a). The invention further relates to the use thereof, the specific compounds of the general formula (I) and to the preparation thereof.

A phosphorous-containing compound is represented by Formula (I): ##STR00001## wherein n is an integer ranging from 1 to 4; R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or a linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.4 alkyl group, and a plurality of R.sup.1s are the same or different when n is larger than 1; R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, ##STR00002##
or ##STR00003##
wherein Ep is an epoxy resin moiety; or ##STR00004##
represents ##STR00005##
wherein Ar represents a linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.12 alkyl group or a C.sub.6-C.sub.12 aryl group; and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen or methyl.