The present invention provides a liquid crystal panel that achieves low-voltage driving and wide color gamut and suppresses the generation of residual DC voltage caused by UV light included in backlight illumination or the like, a switchable mirror panel including the liquid crystal panel, and a switchable mirror display including the liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel of the present invention includes: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer held between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a vertical alignment film disposed on a liquid crystal layer side of each of the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer contains a liquid crystal material with a negative anisotropy of dielectric constant. The liquid crystal material contains a tolan liquid crystal compound. The vertical alignment film contains a vertical alignment polymer that includes a main chain and a side chain. The side chain includes a saturated aliphatic functional group at a terminal.

Disclosed are liquid crystal compounds of cycloalkyl-containing dibenzofuran derivatives, a preparation method therefor and use thereof. The compounds are as represented by formula I. In the molecular structures of the compounds of formula I provided by the present invention, liquid crystal compounds of cycloalkyl terminal group-containing dibenzofuran derivatives, compared with those having flexible alkyl chains as terminal groups, exhibit better intersolubility, and thus the use of a compound as represented by formula I provided by the present invention can improve the intersolubility of a liquid crystal compound and extend the application range of a liquid crystal mixture, producing an important application value. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a compound of formula GF

##STR00001##

in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings defined in claim 1, to a liquid crystal medium comprising a compound of formula GF and to high-frequency components comprising these media, especially microwave components for high-frequency devices, such as devices for shifting the phase of microwaves, tunable filters, tunable metamaterial structures, and electronic beam steering antennas, e.g. phased array antennas.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal materials, and in particular relates to a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display containing the liquid crystal composition. The present invention discloses a liquid crystal composition, comprising one or more compounds represented by Formula I, one or more compounds represented by Formula II, and one or more compounds represented by Formula III. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a large optical anisotropy and a small ratio of ?.sub.1/K.sub.11, and can be used for developing a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display with a low cell thickness and a fast response. ##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystal (LC) medium comprising one or more polymerisable compounds and to the use of the LC medium for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in LC displays, especially in LC displays of the polymer sustained alignment (PS, PSA) or self-aligning (SA) type.

Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition comprising one or more compounds represented by formula I and/or formula II and one or more compounds represented by formula III:

##STR00001##

wherein the definition of each substituent is given. The composition involved in the present invention has a low viscosity .sub.1, a high clearing point Tni and a large optical anisotropy n, and can realize a rapid response of liquid crystal display.

A liquid crystal medium comprising one or more compounds of formula PT and one or more compounds of formula GF and/or UI

##STR00001## in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings defined in claim 1. Also, high-frequency components comprising these media, especially microwave components for high-frequency devices, such as devices for shifting the phase of microwaves, tunable filters, tunable metamaterial structures, and electronic beam steering antennas, e.g. phased array antennas.

The present invention relates to a switching layer based on a liquid-crystalline mixture for use in an optical switching element. The invention also encompasses a switching element comprising the switching layer and a window element containing the switching element. The liquid crystalline mixture comprises a low-molecular liquid crystal component, a polymer component and a self-alignment additive for vertical alignment.

A compound represented by formula (1), a liquid crystal composition containing the compound, and a liquid crystal display device including the composition.

##STR00001## R is alkyl having 1 to 15 carbons or the like; ring A.sup.1 and ring A.sup.2 are independently 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or the like; Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are independently a single bond, COO or the like; Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2 and Y.sup.3 are independently hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine; and m is 0, 1 or 2.

A device containing a radio-frequency (RF) liquid crystal (RFLC) mixture with improved performance is disclosed. In one embodiment, the improved performance includes high RF tuning, broad thermal operating ranges and low viscosity. In one embodiment, the device comprises an antenna comprising: an antenna element array having a plurality of antenna elements and each antenna element having a liquid crystal (LC) structure, wherein the LC structure comprises a mixture of one or more of the following: ##STR00001##
laterally functionalized with one or more of at least a proton, a hydrogen (H), or a heteroatom.