Provided is a strand extending in the longitudinal direction, wherein the strand includes filaments of one type having a gradient-length effect through spiral rotational twists and an irregular fine texture through self-thermal shrinking. The filaments of the strand have natural coiling characteristics that are very similar to those of natural hair of black people, and these characteristics are caused by the facts that the filaments have 3-dimensional waveforms occurred due to many fine and irregular windings or projections and that the waveforms exhibit fractal structure features and a fine kinky texture.

A method of generating a coiled actuator fiber that includes twisting a fiber to generate a twisted fiber; wrapping the twisted fiber around a core yarn or fiber to generate a coil in the twisted fiber, which generates a coiled twisted fiber; setting the coiled twisted fiber by heat or chemical treatment; and removing at least a portion of the core yarn or fiber to generate a coiled actuator fiber.

A multi-step process is disclosed for heat setting twisted, bulk continuous filament (BCF) yarn comprising the steps of developing crimp in the yarn under hot atmospheric air and heat setting the yarn by saturated steam treatment.

A multi-step process is disclosed for heat setting twisted, bulk continuous filament (BCF) yarn comprising the steps of developing crimp in the yarn under hot atmospheric air and heat setting the yarn by saturated steam treatment.

A system and method of generating a coiled actuator fiber. The method includes twisting a fiber to generate a twisted fiber, wrapping the twisted fiber around a core to generate a coil in the twisted fiber; and removing at least a portion of the core to generate a coiled actuator fiber. In some aspects that fiber can be a yarn with one or more fibers or a fiber comprising a single elongated element. In some aspects, a portion of the core includes a removable sacrificial portion. The removable sacrificial portion can be dissolvable in a solvent or physically removable. In some aspects, the core further includes a non-dissolvable portion that is not dissolvable and generating a coiled actuator can include removing the sacrificial portion by treating a twisted fiber on the core to remove the sacrificial portion and leaving the non-dissolvable portion.

Hair for a doll, toy or a wearable item is reversibly stylable. The hair can change between straight and curly hair by subjecting the hair to a change of temperature. This temperature change can be by the application of heat, coolness or cold. In one form, then, straighten of curved doll hair filaments is through hot air or hot water. (38-40 degrees). A doll figure can include auto fitting smart hair filaments for practicing the method. Pulling straight doll hair turns the hair to curly. Straightening is affected through heat. The doll has hair filaments which are formed by shape memory plastic material.

Hair for a doll, toy or a wearable item is reversibly stylable. The hair can change between straight and curly hair by subjecting the hair to a change of temperature. This temperature change can be by the application of heat, coolness or cold. In one form, then, straighten of curved doll hair filaments is through hot air or hot water. (38-40 degrees). A doll figure can include auto fitting smart hair filaments for practicing the method. Pulling straight doll hair turns the hair to curly. Straightening is affected through heat. The doll has hair filaments which are formed by shape memory plastic material.

A drawing and spinning apparatus of mixed yarns for air spinning machines with multiple feeds comprises at least a first and a second introducer element, an air spinning device, a drawing device, interposed between the introducer elements and the air spinning device, an air spinning chamber, an introducer nozzle shaped to receive the webs from the drawing device into respective insertion channels and introduce the webs into the spinning chamber according to a longitudinal feeding direction. With respect to a cross-section plane perpendicular to the longitudinal feed direction, groove bottoms of each of the two insertion channels of the webs into the chamber are aligned along a segment which is offset by an eccentricity with respect to a geometric centre of the chamber itself, through which a symmetry axis of the spinning chamber passes, the eccentricity being less than 5% of a maximum diameter of the spinning chamber.

Disclosed are fibers comprising identification fibers which can be used for tracking and tracing fibers, yarns, fiber bands, and/or articles comprising the fibers through at least part of the supply chain. Each identification fiber exhibits at least one distinct feature. Each group of distinguishable identification fibers can exhibit a taggant cross-section shape, a taggant cross-section size, or combination of the same taggant cross-section shape and same taggant cross-section size. The distinct features and the number of fibers in each group of distinguishable identification fibers can represent at least one supply chain component of the fibers. The distinct features can be detectable in an article comprising the fibers.

Disclosed are fibers comprising identification fibers which can be used for tracking and tracing fibers, yarns, fiber bands, and/or articles comprising the fibers through at least part of the supply chain. Each identification fiber exhibits at least one distinct feature. Each group of distinguishable identification fibers can exhibit a taggant cross-section shape, a taggant cross-section size, or combination of the same taggant cross-section shape and same taggant cross-section size. The distinct features and the number of fibers in each group of distinguishable identification fibers can represent at least one supply chain component of the fibers. The distinct features can be detectable in an article comprising the fibers.