The present invention relates to novel 3-oxindole derivatives, to a process for their preparation and to the use of said derivatives as dyes for manufacturing pH sensitive textiles and as indicators in titration methods. The invention also relates to a method to manufacture pH sensitive textiles and to textiles so obtained.

A textile is dyed by treating the textile with a composition containing 2D nano and/or microparticles of carbon and by dyeing the textile with a dye that is different from said carbon particles.

A leuco dye pastel marking device for use with a substrate treated with an activator of the leuco dye, such that drawing upon the substrate will reveal a color, but drawing on a normal surface will have no visible effect. A solvent such as dimethyl adipate is used to store the leuco dye in a longer-lived, more stable, solid form, and varying hardnesses and consistencies may be achieved by the addition of 12 hydroxystearic acid and ethyl cellulose. The substrate may be treated selectively with the activator such that a texture, image, or hidden message is revealed by the application of the leuco dye pastel to the substrate. One or more substrates and one or more leuco dye pastel marking devices may be presented to a child as a coloring book with pastels that only visibly mark the coloring book and no other surface.

Ring dyeing of yarn with indigo dye to produce an improved white core, An outer surface of the yarn is scoured prior to applying the indigo dye, and then applying the indigo dye is applied. Scouring parameters of the dyeing are used to limit a penetration of the indigo into the white core, so that the white core has mostly sections of white yarn, and the yarn has indigo dye on the outer surface, said parameters comprising limiting scouring parameters to at least 10% below current parameters used to scour the yarn.

A description is provided of an apparatus for dyeing a textile support comprising a single tank which is provided in its interior, in sequence, with: one first shaped cavity having a watertight function between the surrounding environment and the tank; one first internal partition wall, which is immersed in the lower part in the dye bath of the first shaped cavity for helping the watertight function; one first dyeing compartment and at least one second dyeing compartment which each comprise at least one return roller for the textile support, at least one dispensing device to dispense the dye bath on the textile support, and at least one squeezing device; a second shaped cavity containing the dye bath having a watertight function between the tank and the surrounding environment; and a second internal partition wall, which is immersed in the lower part in the dye bath of the second shaped cavity for helping the watertight

A method for dyeing, such as vat dyeing, or coating synthetic fibers, such as polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or yarns or fabrics including these fibers can include providing a powdered dye or a powdered precursor dye (powdered leuko dye), or providing an aqueous dye formulation or an aqueous precursor dye formulation (an alkaline aqueous leuko dye formulation). An aqueous system including a lipase enzyme can be provided. The fibers/yarn/fabric can be pretreated with the aqueous system, and the pretreated fibers/yarn/fabric can be coated or dyed with the powdered dye or powdered precursor dye, or with the aqueous dye formulation or aqueous precursor dye formulation.

A method for dyeing, such as vat dyeing, or coating synthetic fibers, such as polyester fibers and/or polyamide fibers, or yarns or fabrics including these fibers can include providing a powdered dye or a powdered precursor dye (powdered leuko dye), or providing an aqueous dye formulation or an aqueous precursor dye formulation (an alkaline aqueous leuko dye formulation). An aqueous system including a lipase enzyme can be provided. The fibers/yarn/fabric can be pretreated with the aqueous system, and the pretreated fibers/yarn/fabric can be coated or dyed with the powdered dye or powdered precursor dye, or with the aqueous dye formulation or aqueous precursor dye formulation.

The present invention relates to a process wherein one or more dye precursors, e.g., indole, are provided to a textile and converted by one or more enzymes, e.g., an oxidizing enzyme, to provide the textile with a dye, e.g. indigo. At least the oxidizing enzyme is a hybrid enzyme including a binding domain that is suitable to bind the enzyme to the textile and/or increase the affinity of the enzyme for the textile, in particular, a cellulose binding domain (CBD).

The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods for oxidizing or discoloring garments, such as denim. Another aspect relates to providing a cost-effective and environmentally safe alternative to hazardous bleaching agents, such as potassium permanganate.

An oxidation intensifier device for a continuous dyeing system for dyeing a warp thread, the device arranged for being mounted in the oxidation assembly of the dyeing system and comprises two blowing assemblies having a substantially identical shape and opposed one another, each blowing assembly is provided with at least one respective fan and, downstream of such a fan, with a respective plurality of convergent conduits arranged along development directions that are parallel and transversal to the feeding direction of the warp thread, the convergent conduits of a first blowing assembly converge in a opposite direction with respect to the convergence direction of the convergent conduits of the opposite blowing assembly, each convergent conduit is configured to face parallel to a single lap of the warp thread moving inside the dyeing system and is provided with a plurality of longitudinal slots oriented along the same development direction of the respective convergent conduit, where each fan is hydraulically connected to the plurality of convergent conduits of the respective blowing assembly and is configured to convey air towards the plurality of longitudinal slots, so that a plurality of opposite air laminar flows is generated, which generate a plurality of turbulences adapted to facilitate the oxidation process of the dyed warp thread on both its surfaces.