A woven fabric has warp threads and weft threads that are interwoven for configuring a textile structure. The woven fabric has a thickness direction as well as a warp direction and a weft direction. The warp threads and/or the weft threads in the thickness direction have a wave-shaped profile. At least some, preferably all, weft threads have a wave-shaped profile in the warp direction, and/or at least some, preferably all, warp threads have a wave-shaped profile in the weft direction. Moreover, a technical textile is formed from such a woven fabric.

The present invention is directed to forming fabrics. The forming fabrics may include a series of repeat units. Each of the repeat units may include a set of binding warp yarns including a first set of binding warp yarns and a second set of binding warp yarns, wherein a binding warp yarn from the first set is paired with a binding warp yarn from the second set; a set of spring warp yarns, wherein each spring warp yarn is between a first pair of binding warp yarns and a second pair of binding warp yarns; a set of top weft yarns including odd and even top weft yarns, wherein the top weft yarns interweave with the binding warp yarns and the spring warp yarns to form a top fabric layer, wherein the spring warp yarns interweave only with the top weft yarns; a set of bottom weft yarns; and a set of bottom warp yarns, the bottom warp yarns interwoven with the bottom weft yarns to form a bottom fabric layer. The binding warp yarns from the first and second set and the spring warp yarns interweave with the top weft yarns to relatively form a plain weave pattern in defined zones such that (a) the first set of binding warp yarns only pass over even top weft yarns; (b) the second set of binding warp yarns only pass over odd top weft yarns; (c) the first binding warp yarn in the pair is offset from the second binding warp yarn in the pair by at least three top weft yarns to create an overlap in the warp path of the pair of binding warp yarns; and (d) each spring warp yarn passes over even and odd top weft yarns. The binding warp yarns from the first and second set and the bottom warp yarn interweave with the bottom weft yarns.

An industrial two-layered fabric includes a front side fabric with warps and wefts and a back side fabric with warps and wefts. The front and back side fabrics are bound by binding warps. A first pair of warps consists of the front side warp and back side warp. A second pair of warps consists of two binding warps. A mutually complementary structure presents where one of the two binding warps forms consecutive knuckles on the front surface while another one of the two binding warps does not emerge on the front surface side, and where the another one of the two binding warps forms consecutive knuckles on the front surface whereas the one of the two binding warps does not emerge on the front surface side. A back side warp and an adjacent binding warp form knuckles below a one back side weft and another one back side weft.

The invention provides woven papermaking fabrics having a machine direction (MD) axis and a cross-machine direction (CD) axis, a machine contacting surface and a sheet contacting surface where the sheet contacting surface comprises a plurality of twill woven protuberances defining valleys there between. Generally the protuberances are skewed relative to a principle axis of the fabric, such as the MD axis and have a non-zero element angle. The protuberances generally have an upper surface defining the upper most surface plane of the web contacting surface of the fabric. Further, the protuberance upper surface is substantially planar providing the protuberances with a height that is substantially constant along the length of the protuberance.

The invention provides woven papermaking fabrics having a machine direction (MD) axis and a cross-machine direction (CD) axis, a machine contacting surface and a sheet contacting surface where the sheet contacting surface comprises a plurality of twill woven protuberances defining valleys there between. Generally the protuberances are skewed relative to a principle axis of the fabric, such as the MD axis and have a non-zero element angle. The protuberances generally have an upper surface defining the upper most surface plane of the web contacting surface of the fabric. Further, the protuberance upper surface is substantially planar providing the protuberances with a height that is substantially constant along the length of the protuberance.

Apparatus, methods, and fabrics for dewatering a nascent paper web, carried in a web sandwich, in a dewatering section of a papermaking machine. Water is driven from the web by a combination of mechanical pressure and compressed air, both typically applied in a nip. The mechanical pressure and air pressure can be applied in the same nip, or in separate nips, where the mechanical pressure is applied upstream, in the papermaking machine, from the air pressure application. The mechanical pressure can be lower than pressures used in conventional press sections of known papermaking machines. Air pressure is that pressure which can be contained in a seal section between the web sandwich and the structure supplying the air. Fabrics supporting the nascent paper web through the air dewatering station have limited lateral air flow under compressed air conditions, whereby air flows generally perpendicularly through the web being dewatered.

A clothing for paper or pulp dewatering machines comprising monofilaments comprising a partially aromatic polyamide. A machine-side fabric layer is provided, and at least the machine-side fabric layer comprises monofilaments with a partially aromatic polyamide. The clothing comprises or is formed by longitudinal threads extending in a running direction and transverse threads extending transversely to the longitudinal threads, and at least some of the transverse filaments are monofilaments with a partially aromatic polyamide.

A clothing for paper or pulp dewatering machines comprising monofilaments comprising a partially aromatic polyamide. A machine-side fabric layer is provided, and at least the machine-side fabric layer comprises monofilaments with a partially aromatic polyamide. The clothing comprises or is formed by longitudinal threads extending in a running direction and transverse threads extending transversely to the longitudinal threads, and at least some of the transverse filaments are monofilaments with a partially aromatic polyamide.

Disclosed are woven papermaking fabrics having a machine direction (MD) axis and a cross-machine direction (CD) axis, a machine contacting surface and a web contacting surface. The web contacting surface comprises a plurality of MD and CD oriented protuberances. Generally the MD oriented protuberances are formed from warp filaments and may be continuous across one dimension of the papermaking fabric. The CD oriented protuberances are formed from shute filaments and are discrete. The fabrics may be woven such that the CD oriented protuberances traverse at least one MD oriented protuberance and in other instances two or more MD oriented protuberances. In addition to MD and CD oriented protuberances, the web contacting surface comprises valleys disposed between adjacent MD oriented protuberances. The valleys are generally permeable to air and water and aid in the formation and structuring of webs manufactured using the fabrics.

Disclosed are woven papermaking fabrics having a machine direction (MD) axis and a cross-machine direction (CD) axis, a machine contacting surface and a web contacting surface. The web contacting surface comprises a plurality of MD and CD oriented protuberances. Generally the MD oriented protuberances are formed from warp filaments and may be continuous across one dimension of the papermaking fabric. The CD oriented protuberances are formed from shute filaments and are discrete. The fabrics may be woven such that the CD oriented protuberances traverse at least one MD oriented protuberance and in other instances two or more MD oriented protuberances. In addition to MD and CD oriented protuberances, the web contacting surface comprises valleys disposed between adjacent MD oriented protuberances. The valleys are generally permeable to air and water and aid in the formation and structuring of webs manufactured using the fabrics.