A polyvinyl alcohol fiber that can easily be fibrillated at a low manufacture cost is provided. The readily fibrillative polyvinyl alcohol fiber contains a polyalkylene oxide in addition to a polyvinyl alcohol. A mass ratio of the polyalkylene oxide ranges from 3 to 40% relative to the total mass of the polyvinyl alcohol and the polyalkylene oxide. A method for manufacturing the polyvinyl alcohol fiber is also provided.

Lithium-containing nanofibers, as well as processes for making the same, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments described herein, using high throughput (e.g., gas assisted and/or water based) electrospinning processes produce nanofibers of high energy capacity materials with continuous lithium-containing matrices or discrete crystal domains.

Lithium-containing nanofibers, as well as processes for making the same, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments described herein, using high throughput (e.g., gas assisted and/or water based) electrospinning processes produce nanofibers of high energy capacity materials with continuous lithium-containing matrices or discrete crystal domains.

Methods for the treatment of textiles used for facial masks assure for the inactivation of viruses captured by the textile. The aerosol droplets are absorbed by the textile, and any viruses in the water droplets react with a virucidal substance. The surface of textile fibers is first exposed to gaseous plasma to assure appropriate wettability. The textile is then soaked in a diluted water solution of a virucidal substance. The excessive water solution is optionally removed by draining, and the drained textile is then dried. The methods enable uniform coating of the textile fibers with an extremely thin film of virucidal substance. A typical concentration of the virucidal substance in the textiles treated according to the methods of the aspects of disclosed embodiments is about 10 g/kg. Such a small concentration is benign to humans but effectively inactivates the viruses that might be captured by the textile.

Methods for the treatment of textiles used for facial masks assure for the inactivation of viruses captured by the textile. The aerosol droplets are absorbed by the textile, and any viruses in the water droplets react with a virucidal substance. The surface of textile fibers is first exposed to gaseous plasma to assure appropriate wettability. The textile is then soaked in a diluted water solution of a virucidal substance. The excessive water solution is optionally removed by draining, and the drained textile is then dried. The methods enable uniform coating of the textile fibers with an extremely thin film of virucidal substance. A typical concentration of the virucidal substance in the textiles treated according to the methods of the aspects of disclosed embodiments is about 10 g/kg. Such a small concentration is benign to humans but effectively inactivates the viruses that might be captured by the textile.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a protection board. A reinforcement fabric including multiple reinforcement fibers is provided, each reinforcement fiber containing multiple adjacent filaments, each filament being composed of a core and a shell formed around the core, and a melting temperature of the shell is lower than a melting temperature of the core, the shell of each filament attached to the shell of the adjacent filament. The impact strength of the shell is higher than the impact strength of the core. The reinforcement fabric can be manufactured into a protection board with good impact resistance simply through heating and molding. Therefore, the reinforcement fabric has the advantage of both manufacturing a protection board with good impact resistance and reducing its process complexity and cost.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a protection board. A reinforcement fabric including multiple reinforcement fibers is provided, each reinforcement fiber containing multiple adjacent filaments, each filament being composed of a core and a shell formed around the core, and a melting temperature of the shell is lower than a melting temperature of the core, the shell of each filament attached to the shell of the adjacent filament. The impact strength of the shell is higher than the impact strength of the core. The reinforcement fabric can be manufactured into a protection board with good impact resistance simply through heating and molding. Therefore, the reinforcement fabric has the advantage of both manufacturing a protection board with good impact resistance and reducing its process complexity and cost.

An oil agent for a carbon fiber precursor is provided that contains a base component, a cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant, wherein the cationic surfactant is a specific nitrogen-containing compound.

A high-stretchable high-sensitive flexible force-sensitive sensing fiber and a preparation method therefor comprising the specific preparation method is as follows: uniformly and synergistically dispersing a one-dimensional (1D) nanowire/nanotube and a two-dimensional (2D) conductive sheet layer in a thermoplastic elastomer solution; formulating a uniform dispersion solution of a certain concentration; and using a wet spinning process to prepare an elastic composite fiber with a highly oriented 1D/2D hybrid network. The above-described composite fiber is placed in a metal precursor solution to fully swell, and then placed in reductive steam for reduction, to reduce metal precursors to zero-dimensional (0D) metal nanoparticles, thereby preparing a flexible force-sensitive sensing fiber based on a 0D/1D/2D three-dimensional collaborative network.

This invention provides antibacterial and antiviral compositions and methods. The compositions possess prolonged and powerful antibacterial/antiviral functions under light exposure and even under completely dark conditions, while daylight exposures could recharge the functions repeatedly. In some embodiments, compositions of the invention can be employed in personal protective equipment (PPE) such as face masks, biologically self-cleaning air and water filters, medical devices, and products. The biocidal PPE can prevent transmission of infectious diseases such as Ebola and respiratory viruses. In some embodiments, compositions of the invention can be employed in food protectant materials to provide antimicrobial and antiviral bio-protection during food transportation and storage.