A method for controlling a fiber fractionation system for fractionating an input material into a long fraction (LF) stream comprising LF fibers and a short fraction (SF) stream comprising SF fibers includes measuring an average LF fiber length at one or more locations post-fractionation, and maintaining the average LF fiber length within a target variability range by automatically altering a rotational speed of a rotor of the fiber fractionation system.

A process having the steps of producing the web material with the papermaking machine; measuring a molar amount of a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) in the web material; measuring a molar amount of a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) in the web material; calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar amount of the MIICS to the measured molar amount of the DIICS in the web material; determining if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is about less than or equal to 10; and, if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is greater than about 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine to adjust the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS so the web material adhering to the Yankee drum drying system has a molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS of about less than or equal to 10, is disclosed.

A process for manufacturing a web material is disclosed. The process generally comprises the steps of providing a papermaking machine with a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) and a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) measuring devices, measuring molar concentrations of MIICS and DIICS in the web material with the MIICS and DIICS measuring devices and calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar concentration of the MIICS to the measured molar concentration of the DIICS, and subsequently determining if the calculated molar ratio is about less than or equal to 10. If the molar ratio is greater than 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine and manufacturing the web material with the papermaking machine with the added amount of DIICS.

The refining of a fibrous pulp is monitored and controlled by capturing at least one image of a pulp sample, determining the amount of all fibers or non-fibrillated fibers in the at least one image, determining the amount of fibrillated fibers in the at least one image, determining the relation between fibrillated fibers and all fibers or non-fibrillated fibers in the pulp on the basis of the amount of fibrillated fibers and the amount of all fibers or non-fibrillated fibers in the at least one image, generating a control parameter on the basis of the determined relation between fibrillated fibers and all fibers or non-fibrillated fibers in the pulp, and controlling fiber refining by at least one pulp refining device on the basis of the control parameter.

A controller for controlling a slurry flowing from incoming piping and entering hydrocyclones arranged in a battery configuration, featuring a signal processor that receives signaling containing information about respective individual cyclone control signaling x(i) for each individual cyclone being evaluated and controlled, median control signaling {tilde over (x)} of all of the respective individual cyclone control signaling x(i), a scale factor A.sub.i and a number N of the individual cyclones being evaluated and controlled; and determine/provides primary control signaling C containing information to control the slurry flowing from the incoming piping and entering the hydrocyclones arranged in the battery configuration by taking the median control signaling {tilde over (x)} and adding a correction factor, where the correction factor is determined by taking a sum of a respective difference of each of the respective individual cyclone control signaling x(i) and the median control signaling {tilde over (x)}, applying the scaling factor A.sub.i to each respective difference, and normalizing the sum by the number N of the individual cyclones being evaluated and controlled, based upon the signaling received.

A method is disclosed for predicting the microbial status of a paper or board making process and/or quality of the dry board or paper obtained from the process for controlling microbial status of a paper or board making process or quality of the dry board or paper obtained from the process. Surface level and duration of time in at least one storage tower or pulper are monitored and correlated with respective predetermined values for the tower or pulper in order to predict the risk of microbial activity.

A fibrous body processing apparatus includes a coarsely-crushed-pieces reservoir unit; a humidifying unit that generates humidified air and supplies the humidified air to the coarsely-crushed-pieces reservoir unit; a weight measurement unit that measures a weight of the coarsely crushed pieces let out of the coarsely-crushed-pieces reservoir unit; a fixed amount supplying unit that supplies a fixed amount of the coarsely crushed pieces measured by the weight measurement unit; a defibrating unit that defibrates the coarsely crushed pieces supplied from the fixed amount supplying unit; a first transportation portion through which the coarsely crushed pieces are sent from the coarsely-crushed-pieces reservoir unit to the weight measurement unit; a second transportation portion through which the coarsely crushed pieces are sent from the fixed amount supplying unit to the defibrating unit; and a generated at the humidifying unit is supplied to the defibrating unit while bypassing the weight measurement unit.

The invention relates to a wrapping paper for a smoking article, said wrapping paper comprising long-fibre pulp, short-fibre pulp, and inorganic filler, wherein: at least a portion of the long-fibre pulp is ground and the ground long-fibre pulp constitutes at least 15% and at most 70% of the mass of the wrapping paper, at least a portion of the short-fibre pulp is ground and the ground short-fibre pulp constitutes at least 5% and at most 80% of the mass of the wrapping paper, and the ground short-fibre pulp has a freeness value of at least 20? SR and at most 60? SR; the short-fibre pulp as a whole constitutes at least 10% and at most 80% of the mass of the wrapping paper, at least 5% and at most 45% of the mass of the wrapping paper is constituted by one or more inorganic fillers; the mass per unit area of the wrapping paper is at least 15 g/m.sup.2 and at most 45 g/m.sup.2; the diffusion capacity of the wrapping paper is at least 0.05 cm/s and at most 0.5 cm/s; and the standard deviation of the diffusion capacity of the wrapping paper is at most 0.05 cm/s. The invention also relates to an associated manufacturing method and to a smoking article making use of said wrapping paper.

A device and a method for producing a nonwoven product from fibres laid randomly in the air flow, especially cellulose fibres, and the resultant nonwoven product, in which a fibre material comprising fibres in bonded form is frayed in at least one mill and the resulting fibres are delivered in an air flow from the at least one mill to at least one depositing sieve and laid randomly on the at least one depositing sieve such that the nonwoven product is formed on the at least one depositing sieve, wherein a fibre material is broken down in a pre-shredding device into a pre-shredded fibre material deliverable in an air flow and there is provided a buffer storage to form a pre-shredded fibre material-stockpile from which pre-shredded fibre material is removed and delivered in an air flow to the at least one mill.

A process having the steps of producing the web material with the papermaking machine; measuring a molar amount of a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) in the web material; measuring a molar amount of a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) in the web material; calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar amount of the MIICS to the measured molar amount of the DIICS in the web material; determining if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is about less than or equal to 10; and, if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is greater than about 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine to adjust the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS so the web material adhering to the Yankee drum drying system has a molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS of about less than or equal to 10, is disclosed.