A variety of agricultural spacer fabrics/textiles are provided that protect plants from insect penetration while allowing for light and air penetration, and methods of use. The textiles can be used alone or in conjunction with agents such as insecticides, insect repellants, and fungicides. The agricultural textile can have an outermost fabric layer, an innermost fabric layer, and a plurality of filaments connecting the outermost fabric layer and the innermost fabric layer.

A combination is provided that is used as a self-healing cutting board or a storage container. Both comprise a natural fabric and a formulation. The formulation infuses the natural fabric. The formulation comprises a natural wax, which is preferably bees wax and Damar resin, and has a melting point of about 70 C to about 80 C. The cutting board can be rejuvenated by heating. Both the board and the storage containers are anti-microbial, non-skid, water resistant, re-useable and compostable.

Polyethylene support in form of net or fabric, comprising, grafted on the surface of said support, a hydrogel comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone. Method for preparing said support comprising the steps of: immersing the support in a toluene solution (Sol1) containing: ethylene glycol dimethylacrylate (EGDMA) and cumene hydroperoxide (CHP); immersing the support in an aqueous solution (Sol2) containing: FeCl2*4H2O, ascorbic acid and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); washing and drying the support.

Methods of treating fibers comprising a polymer including at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety, and resulting fibers or the products comprising the resulting fibers are disclosed. In an example embodiment, a fiber having a surface region and an interior region, includes a polymer comprising at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety chemically modified with a modification agent. The fiber has a transverse cross-section including the interior region comprising the polymer having a first degree of modification and the surface region comprising the polymer having a second degree of modification greater than the first degree of modification.

Provided herein are surface treating compositions for imparting beneficial surface properties to substrates. The compositions can be prepared by reacting a bio-based polyol with an isocyanate and an ionogenic molecule. The compositions can be used to treat a variety of substrates to provide enhanced properties to a surface of the substrate. Also provided are methods for the chemical modification of triglycerides and fatty acids and use thereof in creating beneficial surface treating compositions.

A natural turf reinforcement system and method are provided. A fiber yarn having at least one biodegradation characteristic is inserted into a soil bed to provide support to a natural grass component. The biodegradation characteristic includes a full or a substantially full biodegradation in the soil after injection after a defined time period. The fiber yarn may include one or more plant-based fibers, animal-based fibers, or at least one synthetic fiber. The fibers may further include one or more chemical treatments or coatings configured to extend or modify properties of the fiber yarn and/or the natural grass component.

The present invention is a method for producing carbon fiber, characterized by using a carbon-fiber precursor produced from a polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution and by applying only a small amount of a smoothing agent, composed of a specific component, to the carbon fiber surface immediately before winding of carbon fiber. According to the present invention, it is possible to stably produce carbon fiber, which has excellent dispersibility and do not deteriorate in quality and quality even when a sizing agent is not attached to the carbon fiber surface. In addition, the produced carbon fiber is suitable for use in a composite material which is produced by high-temperature processing using a thermoplastic resin.

Provided is a method for producing a laminate, the method comprising: sewing a sheet using thread; impregnating at least part of the thread with liquid before, after, or during said sewing; and laminating a polyurethane foam layer to at least one surface of a sheet-type molded body that is obtained by said sewing and said impregnating, the method for producing a laminate being able to easily prevent leakage of polyurethane from sewed portions at low cost, in the step of laminating the sewed sheet-type molded body and the polyurethane foam layer.

An inorganic fiber sizing agent is disclosed that contains a vinyl ester compound, a surfactant, and a fatty acid ester. Also disclosed is an inorganic fiber having the inorganic fiber sizing agent attached thereto.

A surfactant composition for use for applying a permanent hydrophilic finish to textile fibers and textile products manufactured therefrom contains 40 to 90% by weight of a mixture of at least one non-ionic surfactant and optionally at least one anionic surfactant and/or one cationic surfactant, and up to 60% by weight of a hydrophobic additive. The hydrophobic additive comprises at least one compound of the group of fatty acid esters, vegetable oils and fats, and mixtures thereof.