Methods of treating a valvular heart disease are provided. Methods for treating valvular heard disease include administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one hedgehog pathway inhibitor. Also provided are methods for reducing fibrosis in a subject, which comprise administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one hedgehog pathway inhibitor.

Embodiments of the disclosure concern methods and compositions related to cancer treatment for an individual utilizing recombinant fibroblast cells that comprise one or more activities that are endothelial cell-like. The cells are delivered to a tumor microenvironment following which their death results in destabilization of the tumor vasculature. In particular embodiments, the fibroblast cells recombinantly express one or more of ETV2, FOXC2, and FLI1.

Embodiments of the disclosure concern methods and compositions related to cancer treatment for an individual utilizing recombinant fibroblast cells that comprise one or more activities that are endothelial cell-like. The cells are delivered to a tumor microenvironment following which their death results in destabilization of the tumor vasculature. In particular embodiments, the fibroblast cells recombinantly express one or more of ETV2, FOXC2, and FLI1.

This invention is directed to, inter alia, compositions and methods for restoring normal microRNA (miR) expression in chondrosarcoma cells as well as methods for treating and diagnosing chondrosarcoma in individuals in need thereof.

This invention is directed to, inter alia, compositions and methods for restoring normal microRNA (miR) expression in chondrosarcoma cells as well as methods for treating and diagnosing chondrosarcoma in individuals in need thereof.

This invention is directed to, inter alia, compositions and methods for restoring normal microRNA (miR) expression in chondrosarcoma cells as well as methods for treating and diagnosing chondrosarcoma in individuals in need thereof.

The invention provides a p38 MAPK inhibitor of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof:

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for use in the treatment or prevention of hypercytokinemia in a human patient; wherein R is C.sub.1-3alkyl, optionally substituted by one or more halo, NR.sup.1R.sup.2 or hydroxy, and R.sup.1and R.sup.2 are independently H, halo or C.sub.1-3alkyl, optionally substituted by one or more F. Also provided are compositions for use in the treatment or prevention of hypercytokinemia comprising the p38 MAPK inhibitor of Formula I; and methods for treating or preventing hypercytokinemia in a human patient in need thereof comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a p38 MAPK inhibitor of Formula I. The invention also provides a p38 MAPK inhibitor and an antimicrobial agent, such as an antiviral agent, for use in the treatment or prevention of hypercytokinemia.

A compound represented by Formula 1 according to the present disclosure, when used in combination with an anticancer drug, may significantly improve the anticancer effect of the anticancer drug, and may induce the same anticancer effect even when the anticancer drug is used in a significantly smaller amount than the conventionally used amount, thereby reducing the side effects caused by administration of the anticancer drug. Furthermore, the compound represented by Formula 1 makes it possible to effectively prevent, alleviate or treat either anticancer-resistant cancer or cancer which recurs or metastasizes after anticancer drug treatment.

A compound represented by Formula 1 according to the present disclosure, when used in combination with an anticancer drug, may significantly improve the anticancer effect of the anticancer drug, and may induce the same anticancer effect even when the anticancer drug is used in a significantly smaller amount than the conventionally used amount, thereby reducing the side effects caused by administration of the anticancer drug. Furthermore, the compound represented by Formula 1 makes it possible to effectively prevent, alleviate or treat either anticancer-resistant cancer or cancer which recurs or metastasizes after anticancer drug treatment.

The present invention relates to polymeric nanoparticles comprising a cytokine or a nucleic acid encoding for a cytokine, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, and methods for treating certain diseases comprising administering these polymeric nanoparticles to a subject in need thereof.