Provided herein is an aqueous polymer dispersion (A) obtainable by free radical emulsion copolymerizing a first ethylenically unsaturated monomer blend having 15 to 100% by weight of at least one C1-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate, in the presence of a water-soluble redox system having a first free radical initiator for free radical emulsion copolymerization and an aqueous prepolymer composition (B) obtainable by free radical emulsion copolymerizing in a polymerization solvent having C1-6-carboxylic acid and C1-6-carboxylic acid anhydride a second ethylenically unsaturated monomer blend with 5 to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated quaternary amine, and 10 to 95% by weight of at least one optionally substituted styrene, in the presence of a second free radical initiator.

Provided herein is an aqueous polymer dispersion (A) obtainable by free radical emulsion copolymerizing a first ethylenically unsaturated monomer blend having 15 to 100% by weight of at least one C1-C4-alkyl (meth)acrylate, in the presence of a water-soluble redox system having a first free radical initiator for free radical emulsion copolymerization and an aqueous prepolymer composition (B) obtainable by free radical emulsion copolymerizing in a polymerization solvent having C1-6-carboxylic acid and C1-6-carboxylic acid anhydride a second ethylenically unsaturated monomer blend with 5 to 50% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated quaternary amine, and 10 to 95% by weight of at least one optionally substituted styrene, in the presence of a second free radical initiator.

A process having the steps of producing the web material with the papermaking machine; measuring a molar amount of a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) in the web material; measuring a molar amount of a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) in the web material; calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar amount of the MIICS to the measured molar amount of the DIICS in the web material; determining if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is about less than or equal to 10; and, if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is greater than about 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine to adjust the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS so the web material adhering to the Yankee drum drying system has a molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS of about less than or equal to 10, is disclosed.

A process having the steps of producing the web material with the papermaking machine; measuring a molar amount of a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) in the web material; measuring a molar amount of a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) in the web material; calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar amount of the MIICS to the measured molar amount of the DIICS in the web material; determining if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is about less than or equal to 10; and, if the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS is greater than about 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine to adjust the molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS so the web material adhering to the Yankee drum drying system has a molar ratio of MIICS to DIICS of about less than or equal to 10, is disclosed.

A process for manufacturing a web material is disclosed. The process generally comprises the steps of providing a papermaking machine with a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) and a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) measuring devices, measuring molar concentrations of MIICS and DIICS in the web material with the MIICS and DIICS measuring devices and calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar concentration of the MIICS to the measured molar concentration of the DIICS, and subsequently determining if the calculated molar ratio is about less than or equal to 10. If the molar ratio is greater than 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine and manufacturing the web material with the papermaking machine with the added amount of DIICS.

A process for manufacturing a web material is disclosed. The process generally comprises the steps of providing a papermaking machine with a monovalent inorganic ionizable cation species (MIICS) and a divalent inorganic ionizable cation species (DIICS) measuring devices, measuring molar concentrations of MIICS and DIICS in the web material with the MIICS and DIICS measuring devices and calculating a molar ratio of the measured molar concentration of the MIICS to the measured molar concentration of the DIICS, and subsequently determining if the calculated molar ratio is about less than or equal to 10. If the molar ratio is greater than 10, adding an amount of DIICS to the papermaking machine and manufacturing the web material with the papermaking machine with the added amount of DIICS.

Coatings for packaging materials and, more specifically, aqueous coatings for paperboard substrates and methods of applying the coatings. The aqueous coatings may include light blocking particles.

Methods and apparatuses for applying coatings on a baggy web are provided. A Mayer rod and a back-up roll engage with each other to form a nip. The back-up roll has a deformable inner layer with a surface thereof covered by a deformable outer layer. The Mayer rod and the flexible web at a contacting area are impressed into the back-up roll with a machine-direction nip width W and a nip engagement depth D, which enables formation of a coating having a substantially uniform thickness.

Methods of making a paper product can comprise forming a substrate from a first furnish that comprises a plurality of pulp fibers, at least partially dewatering the substrate, treating a second furnish that comprises a plurality of surface enhanced pulp fibers (SEPF) at least by adding one or more enzymes to the second furnish, and sizing the dewatered substrate at least by depositing the treated second furnish onto at least one of opposing first and second surfaces of the dewatered substrate. The SEPF can have a length weighted average fiber length that is greater than or equal to 0.20 millimeters (mm) and an average hydrodynamic specific surface area that is greater than or equal to 10 square meters per gram (m.sup.2/g).

Novel fluorescent whitening agents, compositions or mixtures thereof with known fluorescent whitening agents, their preparation, and their use. The novel fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) contain three structural subunits derived from 4,4-diamino-2,2-stilbenedisulfonic acid. The novel compounds and their mixtures with known FWAs show very good effectiveness as fluorescent whitening agents for cellulosic materials, in particular for paper.