A probiotic composition comprised of a probiotic, a prebiotic, a complex-starch reducing enzyme, an enzymatic co-factor, and a pH modifier. The probiotic composition facilitates the creation of a biofilm within the GI tract of poultry that outcompetes and excludes pathogens. The probiotic composition can be incorporated into an eggwash and sprayed onto an egg, the sprayed egg developing a stable probiotic population within the GI tract of the pre-hatched chick. The probiotic composition can also be incorporated into poultry feed by applying the probiotic composition as a mash prior to pelleting. The probiotic composition can also be applied post-pelleting as a wet or dry spray, directly onto the pellets. In some instances, the probiotic composition can be added a drinking water source used by poultry as a water additive. Poultry that consume feed or water that contain the probiotic composition develop a stable probiotic population within their GI tracts.

A probiotic composition comprised of a probiotic, a prebiotic, a complex-starch reducing enzyme, an enzymatic co-factor, and a pH modifier. The probiotic composition facilitates the creation of a biofilm within the GI tract of poultry that outcompetes and excludes pathogens. The probiotic composition can be incorporated into an eggwash and sprayed onto an egg, the sprayed egg developing a stable probiotic population within the GI tract of the pre-hatched chick. The probiotic composition can also be incorporated into poultry feed by applying the probiotic composition as a mash prior to pelleting. The probiotic composition can also be applied post-pelleting as a wet or dry spray, directly onto the pellets. In some instances, the probiotic composition can be added a drinking water source used by poultry as a water additive. Poultry that consume feed or water that contain the probiotic composition develop a stable probiotic population within their GI tracts.

The application describes treatment of hepatic encephalopathy using gastrointestinal specific antibiotics. One example of a gastrointestinal specific antibiotic is rifaximin.

The application describes treatment of hepatic encephalopathy using gastrointestinal specific antibiotics. One example of a gastrointestinal specific antibiotic is rifaximin.

The application describes treatment of hepatic encephalopathy using gastrointestinal specific antibiotics. One example of a gastrointestinal specific antibiotic is rifaximin.

Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides in combination with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or carotenoids that can be administered to preterm infants, term infants, toddlers, and children for reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides in combination with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or carotenoids that can be administered to preterm infants, term infants, toddlers, and children for reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

Disclosed are nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides in combination with long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or carotenoids that can be administered to preterm infants, term infants, toddlers, and children for reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

The present invention provides a method of treating sepsis in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of the formula wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be H, OH, protonated phosphate, a phosphate salt, a sugar phosphonate, or a mono-, di- or poly-saccharide, R.sub.3 may be OH or a mono-, di- or poly-saccharide, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 may be an alkyl or alkenyl chain of up to 13 carbons (for a chain of 16 carbons), and R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 may be H, OH, or an alkyl or alkenyl ester of up to 16 carbons, or a salt thereof.

The present invention provides a method of treating sepsis in a subject, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of the formula wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be H, OH, protonated phosphate, a phosphate salt, a sugar phosphonate, or a mono-, di- or poly-saccharide, R.sub.3 may be OH or a mono-, di- or poly-saccharide, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 may be an alkyl or alkenyl chain of up to 13 carbons (for a chain of 16 carbons), and R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 may be H, OH, or an alkyl or alkenyl ester of up to 16 carbons, or a salt thereof.