The invention proposes a polymer solution for visco-supplementation. The polymer solution contains at least one at least partially water-soluble polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative, one water-soluble alkali salt or alkaline earth salt of polystyrene sulfonic acid, and water, whereby the polymer solution is clear to the eye. Moreover, the invention describes a method for sterilisation of the polymer solution. This method is characterised in that a mixture of at least one at least partially water-soluble polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative, one water-soluble alkali salt or alkaline earth salt of polystyrene sulfonic acid, and water is mixed with at least 0.5 wt. % propiolactone, and in that the polymer solution is stored at room temperature for at least 24 hours.

A method for reducing the likelihood of developing depression in an individual involves providing in the gut of an individual a population of beneficial bacteria selected from the group consisting of bacterial species able to make small chain fatty acids, and preferably butyrate, and administering fiber to the individual to maintain a therapeutically effective amount of the beneficial bacteria in the gut of the individual. The individual's gut microbiome is modified to reduce the number of undesired bacteria and to increase the number of beneficial bacteria. Bacteria are preferably modified to remove one or more virulence facts or alternatively to produce increased amounts of SCFA's, such as butyrate. Beneficial bacteria may be encapsulated in a frangible enclosure to ensure they arrive in an individual's body while still viable, e.g. such as being first released in the lower gut rather than being exposed to the harsh conditions of an individual's stomach. In other embodiments, a therapeutically effective amount of a bacterial formulation comprising Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is administered. Other embodiments include the administration of a bacterial formulation comprising at least one of Coprococcus, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and L. casei to treat depression.

A method for reducing the likelihood of developing depression in an individual involves providing in the gut of an individual a population of beneficial bacteria selected from the group consisting of bacterial species able to make small chain fatty acids, and preferably butyrate, and administering fiber to the individual to maintain a therapeutically effective amount of the beneficial bacteria in the gut of the individual. The individual's gut microbiome is modified to reduce the number of undesired bacteria and to increase the number of beneficial bacteria. Bacteria are preferably modified to remove one or more virulence facts or alternatively to produce increased amounts of SCFA's, such as butyrate. Beneficial bacteria may be encapsulated in a frangible enclosure to ensure they arrive in an individual's body while still viable, e.g. such as being first released in the lower gut rather than being exposed to the harsh conditions of an individual's stomach. In other embodiments, a therapeutically effective amount of a bacterial formulation comprising Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is administered. Other embodiments include the administration of a bacterial formulation comprising at least one of Coprococcus, Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and L. casei to treat depression.

This disclosure relates to devices and kits for delivery of a fluid. In some embodiments, the fluid is useful in facilitating and maintaining hemostasis.

This disclosure relates to devices and kits for delivery of a fluid. In some embodiments, the fluid is useful in facilitating and maintaining hemostasis.

Injectable compositions and methods for treating an injured tendon in an animal or human are disclosed herein. The injectable compositions include an effective amount of a carbohydrate to increase osteotendinous hydration and lubrication.

The present invention relates to a mannuronic diacid oligosaccharide composition, comprising a mannuronic diacid of Formula (III) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 9, m is 0, 1 or 2, and m′ is 0 or 1, and wherein the total weight of mannuronic diacids wherein n=1-5 is 80-95% of the total weight of the composition, and the ratio of the total weight of mannuronic diacids wherein n=1-3 to the total weight of mannuronic diacids wherein n=4-7 is between 1.0 and 3.5.

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to a mannuronic diacid oligosaccharide composition, comprising a mannuronic diacid of Formula (III) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein n is an integer from 1 to 9, m is 0, 1 or 2, and m′ is 0 or 1, and wherein the total weight of mannuronic diacids wherein n=1-5 is 80-95% of the total weight of the composition, and the ratio of the total weight of mannuronic diacids wherein n=1-3 to the total weight of mannuronic diacids wherein n=4-7 is between 1.0 and 3.5.

##STR00001##

The invention relates to a mixture of human milk oligosaccharides that consists essentially of: a) a component A which is 3-FL or DFL, a component B which is LNT, LNnT, LNFP-I or 2′-FL, a component C, which is LNFP-II when component B is LNT, or LNFP-III when component B is LNnT, or LNDFH-I when component B is LNFP-I, or DFL when component B is 2′-FL, and a component D, which is lactose when component A is 3-FL, or 2′-FL when component A is DFL, with the proviso that if component B is 2′-FL, then component A is 3-FL; or consists essentially of: b) 3-FL, a component E which is LNT, LNnT or LNFP-I, and a component F, which is LNFP-II when component E is LNT, or LNFP-III when component E is LNnT, or LNDFH-I when component E is LNFP-I,
and to processes for producing them and their uses.

The invention relates to a mixture of human milk oligosaccharides that consists essentially of: a) a component A which is 3-FL or DFL, a component B which is LNT, LNnT, LNFP-I or 2′-FL, a component C, which is LNFP-II when component B is LNT, or LNFP-III when component B is LNnT, or LNDFH-I when component B is LNFP-I, or DFL when component B is 2′-FL, and a component D, which is lactose when component A is 3-FL, or 2′-FL when component A is DFL, with the proviso that if component B is 2′-FL, then component A is 3-FL; or consists essentially of: b) 3-FL, a component E which is LNT, LNnT or LNFP-I, and a component F, which is LNFP-II when component E is LNT, or LNFP-III when component E is LNnT, or LNDFH-I when component E is LNFP-I,
and to processes for producing them and their uses.