Systems and methods for a ground water filtration system are described. The ground water filtration system includes paver blocks designed to facilitate liquid seepage between the paver blocks and to route the seepage to a preferred area. The ground water filtration system additionally provides at least one layer of stone to facilitate flow direction of the seepage to an outflow pipe. At least one geogrid fabric is also provided to further enhance ground water filtration.

An underlayment layer is configured to support an artificial turf assembly. The underlayment layer comprises a core with a top side and a bottom side. The top side has a plurality of spaced apart, upwardly oriented projections that define channels suitable for fluid flow along the top side of the core when the underlayment layer is positioned beneath an overlying artificial turf assembly.

A customizable playing field includes a turf system comprising a tile with a turf layer. The tile overlays a subfloor, defining a reservoir thereunder. A forced air system includes a pipe disposed within the reservoir and operatively coupled to a pump; and a sensor. A control system controls the pump, and includes a processor in data communication with at least one input/output device and computer memory. The computer memory has a program with machine readable instructions that, when effected by the processor, perform the following steps: if the temperature is above a predetermined threshold as measured by the sensor, forcing a cool fluid through the pipe; and if the temperature is below a predetermined threshold as measured by the sensor, forcing a warm fluid through the pipe.

The present invention is directed to a paver edge restraint system for reducing shifting of a paver units making up a paved surface having one or more edge restraints installed along at least a portion of the periphery of the paved surface. The paver edge restraint system includes at least one peripheral edging member, at least one edging securement member for holding the at least one peripheral edging member to the ground, at least one paver retention strap that extends underneath a plurality of paver units constituting a portion of the paved surface, and at least one clamping unit mounted on the at least one peripheral edging member for securing and tightening the at least one strap to maintain the joint integrity of the plurality of paver units installed above and adjacent to the at least one strap.

Modular floor tiles include a first surface configured to receive weight. The first surface is supported by primary walls interior to and extending the full height of the tiles, and which may be intersecting to form a grid. Secondary walls of a lesser height support the primary walls, may be non-linear such as circular, and may support either side of vertices of intersecting primary walls. Joining members and corresponding receivers in the sides of tiles are dimensioned to engage one another from adjacent tiles to join the tiles and restrict lateral movement. Fastener(s) in each tile are associated with slots and may be selectively moved between unlocked and locked positions to restrict vertical movement. Some embodiments include cable channels with corresponding cover plates, and inclined portions providing ramps. Any number and combination of tiles may be connected to one another to form a modular flooring system.

The present invention provides a photovoltaic module for paving surfaces that supports pedestrians and vehicles, comprising one or more photovoltaic cells interconnected in serial or in parallel and placed in the same plane including: an upper protective layer that is non-opaque and is seamlessly adhered to both the photovoltaic cells and another protective mounting layer that is and is seamlessly adhered from the bottom and sides. A further binding layer underneath the second protective layer, an anti-skid layer seamlessly adhered at the very top to the entire structure with irregular textures of various granularities, and a baseplate seamlessly adhered from the very bottom to the entire structure allow a glutinous material to be applied when paving a road surface with the disclosed modules.

Disclosed herein are paver adhesives including dry concrete mixes. The paver adhesive can include cement, silica sand, alumina silicate, and latex or acrylic polymer. The paver adhesive can be configured to be applied to a substrate in a dry state. The paver adhesive can be configured to become hydrated subsequent to pavers being installed over the paver adhesive, and the paver adhesive can be configured to cure and adhere paver tiles to the substrate following the hydrating.

An impact-absorbing assembly includes a covering layer being one or more of artificial turf, rubber mats, polymer mats, short pile carpeting, particulate infill, wood chips, and ground rubber chips. Also included is a layer of underlayment panels positioned beneath the covering layer. The panels have a panel section with a plurality of drain holes formed therethrough. A top surface of the panels is configured to support the covering layer. A bottom surface of the panels has a plurality of bottom projections that cooperate to define bottom channels suitable to permit water flow across the bottom surface, the bottom channels being in fluid communication with the panel drain holes. The bottom projections define a first spring rate characteristic that is part of a first stage and a second spring rate characteristic is part of a second stage, the first stage having a smaller volume of material than the second stage.

Systems and methods for a ground water filtration system are described. The ground water filtration system includes paver blocks designed to facilitate liquid seepage between the paver blocks and to route the seepage to a preferred area. A filter may be utilized to remove undesired particulates in the seepage prior to routing. The ground water filtration system additionally provides at least one layer of stone to facilitate flow direction of the seepage. At least one geogrid fabric is also provided to further enhance ground water filtration.

A structural system that includes at least two pavers partially defining a paved surface, the pavers partially defining a void between them. The system also includes a permeable joint located in the void between the pavers, where the permeable joint also partially defines the paved surface. The permeable joint includes a base layer formed of aggregate and bonded together with a non-cement binder, and a membrane layer formed of aggregate that is sized smaller than the aggregate of the base layer, where the aggregate of the membrane is also bonded together with a non-cement binder. The membrane is less permeable than the base layer and is located above the base layer.