A temporary support surface, deck, walkway or roadway that includes a plurality of interlocked and interconnected lightweight universal panel mats and one or more side ramps and adapters. Each panel mat is made of plastic or elastomeric material and having a first section that provides a relatively flat, textured or structured top surface to facilitate movement over the upper surface, a second section having geometry that includes a plurality of cells having top surfaces that support the first section and an optional third or bottom surface. The panel mats also have sides that are configured to matingly engage with the sides of similarly configured mats. Also, adapter elements are provided to assist with the installation of the mats. Also, the side ramps and adapters themselves are additional embodiments of the invention.

A locking pin for connecting at least first and second adjacent mats of a support surface includes a body and at least one foot operatively connected to the body and configured to secure the locking pin to the mats. The foot is selectively movable from an unlocked position to at least one locked position and then, while in a locked position, selectively moveable upwardly relative to the body and the first and second mats.

A power tool for unlocking a releasable attachment pin from at least two ground covers includes at least one gripper carried by a carrier and selectively moveable relative to the carrier to grip a first portion of the attachment pin. At least one rotator also carried by the carrier is selectively rotatable relative to the first portion of the attachment pin to rotate a second portion of the attachment pin to unlock the attachment pin from the ground covers. A power-driven actuator associated with the carrier is operatively coupled to the rotator(s) and configured to selectively rotate the rotator(s).

Disclosed is a structural surface enhancing panel (100) comprising: a body (110) comprising a plurality of interconnected cells (120); a first plurality of arms (1241) which extend along a first side (161) of the body and which are coupled at a proximal end thereof to the first side of the body, and a second plurality of arms (124) which extend along a second side (162) of the body and which are coupled at a proximal end thereof to the second side of the body; the arms (124) of the first plurality of arms (1241) being separated along the first side (161) to define a first plurality of receiving portions (125) therebetween; the arms (124) of the second plurality of arms (1242) being separated along the second side (162) to define a second plurality of receiving portions (125) therebetween; wherein a distal end (126) of at least a portion of the first plurality of arms (1241) of the panel (100a) is arranged to locate within a respective receiving portion (126) of a second plurality of receiving portions (126) of a further panel (100b).

Various embodiments provide a concrete slab joint stabilizer including an expandable housing including a cylinder defining a slit running along its longitudinal length, the expandable housing having a housing axis extending longitudinally there through, and an expander configured to expand the expandable housing in directions perpendicular to the housing axis. The concrete slab joint stabilizer is configured to limit relative vertical displacement between two adjacent concrete slabs.

A module for use in constructing a pathway for traffic comprises a base member that defines a lateral groove disposed at its perimeter edge and extending along a first end, and a tongue structure disposed at its perimeter edge and extending along a second end. The tongue structure is received in the lateral groove and comprises a plurality of tongue portions that includes a first type of tongue portion and a second type of tongue portion disposed in alternating relation along the length of the tongue structure, to thereby define a throughpassage for receiving a securing rod. The first and second tongue portions have no vertical overlap one with the other. To form a pathway for traffic, the modules are placed in perimeter-edge to perimeter-edge relation, with the tongue structure of the modules inserted into the lateral groove of an adjacent module, and are secured together by the securing rod.

A module for use in constructing a pathway for traffic comprises a base member and a top plate is securable to the base member and having a plurality of horizontally spaced upwardly projecting button structures, including solid button structures and fastener-receiving button structures. The solid button structures are each integrally formed with the top plate. The fastener-receiving button structures each comprise an upwardly projecting peripheral portion and a depressed central portion. The fastener-receiving apertures are disposed one within each of the depressed central portion and are each surrounded by the upwardly projecting peripheral portion. A cap member is securable within the depressed central portion of each fastener-receiving button structure. To form a pathway for traffic, the modules are placed in perimeter-edge to perimeter-edge relation, and each top plate is secured to the base member by fasteners extending through the fastener-receiving apertures and securely engaged in the base member.

A dual-unit paving system for covering a surface is provided. The system comprises pairs of first and second units. For each pair, the first and second unit have different respective shapes and sizes, and are configured to be matingly engageable for forming a hexagonal assembly having six, non-linear sides. The hexagonal assembly allows forming rotational tessellations. The first and second units are also shaped and configured to be matingly engageable so as to form horizontally aligned tessellations, and also vertically aligned tessellations.

A photoelectric water-permeable pavement underground water storage automation system includes a photoelectric module, a water-permeable unit, and a water-filled structure. The photoelectric module is arranged on a ground surface and includes a base. A solar panel is mounted on a top of the base. Fixing members are provided on a bottom of the base and positioned on the water-permeable unit. A bare empty area is provided inside the base. Communication pipes are connected to and extended outward from the bare empty area to communicate with adjacent bases. The water-permeable unit is a water-permeable pavement including a frame structure formed of multiple vertical water-permeable pipes and poured with concrete slurry. The water-filled structure is an underground water storage space formed of multiple-hole hollow unit cells. A water guide layer is provided at the top of the water-filled structure buried in an underground layer below the water-permeable unit.

A modular pavement slab comprises a body, a strain sensor array, and a sensor processor. The body includes a top surface, a bottom surface, and four side surfaces. The modular pavement slab is configured to be coupled to at least one other modular pavement slab via connectors along at least one of the side surfaces. The strain sensor array is retained within the body and is configured to detect a plurality of strains on the body resulting from vehicular traffic across the top surface of the body. The sensor processor is in communication with the strain sensor array. The sensor processor is configured to communicate input signals to the strain sensor array, receive output signals from the strain sensor array, and determine a plurality of time-varying strain values, each strain value indicating a strain experienced over time by a successive one of a plurality of regions of the body.