In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions, e.g., formulations, used for gastric, gastrointestinal and/or colonic treatments or lavage, e.g., orthostatic lavage, e.g., for inducing the purgation (e.g., cleansing) of a gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including a colon; and methods for making and using them. In alternative embodiments, compositions and methods of the invention are used for the stabilization, amelioration, treatment and/or prevention of constipation, for the treatment of abdominal pain, particularly non-specific abdominal pain, and diarrhea, including diarrhea caused by a drug side effect, a psychological condition, a disease or a condition such as Crohn's Disease, a poison, a toxin or an infection, e.g., a toxin-mediated travelers diarrhea, or C. difficile or the pseudo-membranous colitis associated with this infection. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides pharmaceuticals and products (articles) of manufacture for delivering these compositions and formulations to an individual, e.g., a human or an animal. The invention also provides devices for delivering a fecal material to a patient.

The present disclosure relates to probiotics and probiotic compositions having modified energy metabolisms (e.g., modifying, metabolizing, or storing energy molecules, e.g., lipids, before the energy molecules are absorbed by a host subject), and thus modulating the absorption of the energy molecules by the host subject. The present disclosure also relates to methods of making such probiotics and probiotic compositions. The present disclosure further relates to methods of regulating (e.g., maintaining or reducing) body weight in a subject (e.g., a subject having a healthy BMI, a subject having an overweight BMI, a subject having an obese BMI), using the probiotics and probiotic compositions disclosed herein.

Serpin protein producing Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum and compositions thereof for use in inhibiting gluten digestion. Compositions comprising the serpin protein producing Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum may be used to mitigate the effects of hidden gluten in individuals following a gluten free diet.

The present disclosure provides method and compositions for predicting and increasing the survival of fish after stress.

Disclosed herein include methods, compositions, and kits suitable for use in dynamic non-destructive imaging. The non-destructive imaging can be nonlinear ultrasound imaging. There are provided, in some embodiments, nucleic acid compositions encoding gas vesicles (GVs) capable of producing nonlinear ultrasound contrast upon expression in a prokaryotic cell (e.g., a probiotic bacterial cell) or a eukaryotic cell (e.g., a therapeutic mammalian cell).

Disclosed are methods of reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in an infant, toddler, or child using nutritional compositions including human milk oligosaccharides. The nutritional compositions including the human milk oligosaccharides are effective in reducing inflammation and the incidence of inflammatory diseases.

The present invention relates to a use of a microorganism of the class Coriobacteriia for promoting gut health of a healthy subject. Also provided is a method for the production of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) and a method for the production of lithocholic acid (LCA).

An oral pharmabiotic system is disclosed for improving oral, dental, and systemic health by repopulating and reshaping the flora within a patient's oral environment in a manner that overcomes the deficiencies of prior oral probiotic products. By formulating the pharmabiotic system as a strip for adhesive placement within a patients' oral cavity, preferably against the buccal mucosa, alveolar mucosa, oral labial mucosa, or a dental appliance, and configuring the parameters of the strip such that neither disadhesion nor complete dissolution occurs for at least a period of at least three hours during daytime use and at least six hours during nighttime use, the probiotic payload contained within may remain in the oral cavity for a sufficient length of time required for the probiotics to activate, replicate, and displace existing harmful oral pathobiotics.

A method of treating a headache, e.g., a migraine, in a subject is provided. The method comprises administering a preparation comprising ammonia oxidizing microorganisms to the subject, thereby treating the headache. Related preparations, kits, and devices are also provided.

The invention relates to new compositions for the treatment and prevention of Helicobacter pylori colonisation of the oral cavity, the upper airways, the oesophagus, and the digestive system, wherein the formulation is preferably composed in the form of a chewing gum.