The grounded modular heated cover is disclosed with a first pliable outer layer and a second pliable outer layer, wherein the outer layers provide durable protection, an electrical heating element between the first and the second outer layers, the electrical heating element configured to convert electrical energy to heat energy, a heat spreading layer, and a thermal insulation layer positioned above the active electrical heating element. Beneficially, such a device provides radiant heat, weather isolation, temperature insulation, and solar heat absorption efficiently and cost effectively. The modular heated cover quickly and efficiently removes ice, snow, and frost from surfaces, and penetrates soil and other material to thaw the material to a suitable depth. A plurality of modular heated covers can be connected on a single 120 Volt circuit protected by a 20 Amp breaker. The modular heated covers are grounded for safety using the conductive heat spreading layer.

The grounded modular heated cover is disclosed with a first pliable outer layer and a second pliable outer layer, wherein the outer layers provide durable protection, an electrical heating element between the first and the second outer layers, the electrical heating element configured to convert electrical energy to heat energy, a heat spreading layer, and a thermal insulation layer positioned above the active electrical heating element. Beneficially, such a device provides radiant heat, weather isolation, temperature insulation, and solar heat absorption efficiently and cost effectively. The modular heated cover quickly and efficiently removes ice, snow, and frost from surfaces, and penetrates soil and other material to thaw the material to a suitable depth. A plurality of modular heated covers can be connected on a single 120 Volt circuit protected by a 20 Amp breaker. The modular heated covers are grounded for safety using the conductive heat spreading layer.

A frost removal system is for thawing frozen ground and a method removes frost from a selected area of frozen ground. The method can include providing at least one heat transfer device; auguring a hole into the frozen ground to at least a depth of the frost. The at least one heat transfer device is lowered into the selected area of frozen ground and self-augured to the predetermined depth. The at least one heat transfer device is heated and the heat is allowed to travel along a length of the at least one heat transfer device. Heat is applied from the at least one heat transfer device for thawing the selected area of frozen ground until the frost is removed. The removal system may also be used to remove moisture from saturated soil and to bake columns of soil with increased load-bearing capacity.

The disclosure provides a thermal desensitization intermittent evaporator. The thermal desensitization intermittent evaporator includes a shell and at least one heating body disposed in the shell, wherein the heating body includes an electrical heating body and a wire connecting the electrical heating body, the wire is lead out from the shell to connect a power source; the electrical heating body includes a heating tube base and a metal joint mounted on the top of the heating tube base, the heating tube base includes upper and lower two bases, the upper base is a conductive low-heat-conduction material, and the lower base is a conductive heat-generating material. The disclosure can realize intermittent heating and high-pressure steam injection, thereby improving the activity of a water molecule, rapidly flowing to a low-temperature area and improving the efficiency of consolidation.

The disclosure provides a thermal desensitization intermittent evaporator. The thermal desensitization intermittent evaporator includes a shell and at least one heating body disposed in the shell, wherein the heating body includes an electrical heating body and a wire connecting the electrical heating body, the wire is lead out from the shell to connect a power source; the electrical heating body includes a heating tube base and a metal joint mounted on the top of the heating tube base, the heating tube base includes upper and lower two bases, the upper base is a conductive low-heat-conduction material, and the lower base is a conductive heat-generating material. The disclosure can realize intermittent heating and high-pressure steam injection, thereby improving the activity of a water molecule, rapidly flowing to a low-temperature area and improving the efficiency of consolidation.

A method destroys organic liquid contaminants contained in a plurality of below-ground volumes by smoldering combustion. The method applies heat to at least a portion of a first one of the volumes of organic liquid and forces oxidant into the first volume of organic liquid so as to initiate self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the first volume of organic liquid. The method may terminate the heat applied to the first volume of organic liquid. Next, the method modulates the flow of the oxidant into the first volume of organic liquid so as to cause at least a portion of the first volume of organic liquid to migrate and come into contact with another one of the volumes of organic liquid, so as to propagate the smoldering combustion. In an alternative embodiment, the flow of the oxidant may be modulated to establish a substantially stationary combustion front.

A method destroys organic liquid contaminants contained in a plurality of below-ground volumes by smoldering combustion. The method applies heat to at least a portion of a first one of the volumes of organic liquid and forces oxidant into the first volume of organic liquid so as to initiate self-sustaining smoldering combustion of the first volume of organic liquid. The method may terminate the heat applied to the first volume of organic liquid. Next, the method modulates the flow of the oxidant into the first volume of organic liquid so as to cause at least a portion of the first volume of organic liquid to migrate and come into contact with another one of the volumes of organic liquid, so as to propagate the smoldering combustion. In an alternative embodiment, the flow of the oxidant may be modulated to establish a substantially stationary combustion front.

The present invention discloses a system for consolidating soft clay by combined anode boosting and electro-osmosis, comprising a vacuum preloading system, wherein the vacuum preloading system comprises anode tubes, cathode tubes, a power supply, a boosting device, sealing cloth and a pumping and drainage device; the sealing cloth is covered above soft clay; air vents are formed on side faces of the cathode tubes and the anode tubes; the cathode tubes and the anode tubes are connected to a boosted pumping and drainage pipe above the soft clay through pipelines; the boosted pumping and drainage pipe is configured with the boosting device and the pumping and drainage device; and, the anode tubes and the cathode tubes are connected to an anode and a cathode of the power supply, respectively. The present invention further provides a method for consolidating soft clay by using the system for consolidating soft clay by combined anode boosting and electro-osmosis. In the present invention, after the anode tubes are configured with a boosting device, a gas can be fed into the anode tubes; under the combined action of the high-pressure gas and the anode tubes, water is squeezed to the cathode tubes, so that water can be drained from the soil more thoroughly.

The present invention discloses a system for consolidating soft clay by combined anode boosting and electro-osmosis, comprising a vacuum preloading system, wherein the vacuum preloading system comprises anode tubes, cathode tubes, a power supply, a boosting device, sealing cloth and a pumping and drainage device; the sealing cloth is covered above soft clay; air vents are formed on side faces of the cathode tubes and the anode tubes; the cathode tubes and the anode tubes are connected to a boosted pumping and drainage pipe above the soft clay through pipelines; the boosted pumping and drainage pipe is configured with the boosting device and the pumping and drainage device; and, the anode tubes and the cathode tubes are connected to an anode and a cathode of the power supply, respectively. The present invention further provides a method for consolidating soft clay by using the system for consolidating soft clay by combined anode boosting and electro-osmosis. In the present invention, after the anode tubes are configured with a boosting device, a gas can be fed into the anode tubes; under the combined action of the high-pressure gas and the anode tubes, water is squeezed to the cathode tubes, so that water can be drained from the soil more thoroughly.

A lunar rover includes a lunar rover body, at least one wheel coupled with the lunar rover body, a drive module coupled with the at least one wheel, the drive module configured to drive rotation of the at least one wheel over a surface, an extension arm coupled to the lunar rover body, an emitter array coupled to the extension arm, and a controller electrically connected with the emitter array. The controller is configured to control the emitter array to emit at least one of laser electromagnetic waves or maser electromagnetic waves towards the surface to sinter lunar regolith particles on the surface.