Methods are disclosed for reducing the proliferation of a tumor cell, increasing apoptosis of a tumor cell, and/or decreasing migration of a tumor cell. These methods include contacting the tumor cell with an effective amount of solubilized ECM or a soluble fraction of extracellular matrix (ECM), thereby reducing the proliferation of the tumor cell, increasing apoptosis of the tumor cell, and/or decreasing migration of the tumor cell. Methods are also disclosed for treating a subject with a tumor. The methods include administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a soluble fraction of an ECM and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, thereby treating the tumor in the subject. In specific non-limiting examples, the tumor is a glioma and/or the ECM hydrogel is a urinary bladder ECM hydrogel.

Described herein are methods and compositions for treating immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated colitis in a subject comprising administering fecal matter from a healthy donor to the subject. Further aspects of the disclosure relate to a method of treating immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated colitis in a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising at least one isolated or purified population of bacteria belonging to one or more of the genera Escherichia, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Tyzzerella, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Colinsella, and Fusicatenibacter.

Described herein are methods and compositions for treating immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated colitis in a subject comprising administering fecal matter from a healthy donor to the subject. Further aspects of the disclosure relate to a method of treating immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated colitis in a subject comprising administering to the subject a composition comprising at least one isolated or purified population of bacteria belonging to one or more of the genera Escherichia, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae, Blautia, Tyzzerella, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, Colinsella, and Fusicatenibacter.

A system for treating a medical condition comprises a harvesting device, a processing device, and a depositing device. The harvesting device harvests tissue from a mammalian subject at a harvest site. The processing device processes the harvest tissue. The depositing device deposits material in a patient at a deposit site, the material based on the harvested and processed tissue. The deposited material is configured to generate resultant tissue configured to treat the medical condition of the patient. Methods are also provided, the methods including harvesting and processing tissue, and treating a patient by depositing material in the patient, the material being based on the harvested and processed tissue.

A method for treating damaged or diseased mammalian tissue that includes the steps of (i) providing a sheet structure formed from acellular dermal mammalian tissue that includes extracellular matrix (ECM) and a supplemental bioactive component, such as a nucleic acid, and/or a cell, and (ii) delivering the sheet structure to the damaged or diseased mammalian tissue, wherein the sheet structure induces angiogenesis and, thereby, regeneration of new mammalian tissue.

A method for treating damaged or diseased mammalian tissue that includes the steps of (i) providing a sheet structure formed from acellular dermal mammalian tissue that includes extracellular matrix (ECM) and a supplemental bioactive component, such as a nucleic acid, and/or a cell, and (ii) delivering the sheet structure to the damaged or diseased mammalian tissue, wherein the sheet structure induces angiogenesis and, thereby, regeneration of new mammalian tissue.

The present disclosure provides methods and treatment regimens for treating ulcerative colitis in a subject in need thereof. In particular, the methods described herein comprise treating a subject in need thereof with a treatment regimen comprising the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising live non-pathogenic fecal bacteria for at least 8 weeks and at least three times per week. In an aspect, the subject in need thereof exhibits a Mayo endoscopy score of 3 or lower. In some aspects, the subject in need thereof has no concomitant corticosteroid use during said method and has no corticosteroid use immediately prior to commencing said method.

The present disclosure provides methods and treatment regimens for treating ulcerative colitis in a subject in need thereof. In particular, the methods described herein comprise treating a subject in need thereof with a treatment regimen comprising the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising live non-pathogenic fecal bacteria for at least 8 weeks and at least three times per week. In an aspect, the subject in need thereof exhibits a Mayo endoscopy score of 3 or lower. In some aspects, the subject in need thereof has no concomitant corticosteroid use during said method and has no corticosteroid use immediately prior to commencing said method.

Provided herein are compositions comprising EV, e.g., exosome, encapsulated STING agonists and methods of producing the compositions described. Also provided herein are methods of modulating an immune response via administration of a therapeutic amount of EV, e.g., exosomes encapsulating STING agonists. The immune response may be an IENβ response or activation of myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs). Also provided herein are methods of modulating an immune response that does not induce systemic inflammation via administration of exosomes encapsulating STING agonists.

Provided herein are compositions comprising EV, e.g., exosome, encapsulated STING agonists and methods of producing the compositions described. Also provided herein are methods of modulating an immune response via administration of a therapeutic amount of EV, e.g., exosomes encapsulating STING agonists. The immune response may be an IENβ response or activation of myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs). Also provided herein are methods of modulating an immune response that does not induce systemic inflammation via administration of exosomes encapsulating STING agonists.