Improved structural column assemblies and related fabrication methods are provided. More particularly, the present disclosure provides improved systems/methods for the design and fabrication of structural column assemblies having improved mechanical properties and/or improved resistance to multiple hazards (e.g., earthquakes, blasts, high temperatures, etc.). Disclosed herein is a structural column assembly having a uniquely designed fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tube filled with concrete to be used as a structural column (e.g., in bridge and/or building construction). The exemplary composite or FRP tube can include layers of metallic and/or non-metallic fibers wound at improved/optimized angles. A multi-hazard resilient column system which can negate the need for additional concrete reinforcement or formwork at construction sites is provided. The novel tube is highly resistant to corrosive environments, and will facilitate accelerated bridge construction (ABC), while providing a solution for columns at risk from multiple hazards.

The invention relates to a masonry reinforcement structure (100) comprising at least two assemblies (102) of grouped metal filaments, at least one positioning element (104) for positioning the assemblies (102) of grouped metal filaments in a predetermined position and a polymer coating (110) for securing the assemblies (102) of grouped metal filaments in this predetermined position. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such masonry reinforcement structure (100) and to a roll comprising such a masonry reinforcement structure(100). The invention further relates to masonry reinforced with such masonry reinforcement structure (100) and to a method to apply such masonry reinforcement structure(100).

A composite wall, ceiling or floor panel (10), system and method, including a sheet (14) having a first face (18) including at least one first mounting portion (16), and at least one formwork member (20) with at least one second mounting portion (30) arranged to engage with the first mounting portion of the sheet to retain the sheet and said at least one formwork member together. Structural support comes from piers (for a wall) or beams (ceiling or floor) formed in the spacing between adjacent formwork members. The formwork members act as the core of a wall, ceiling or floor panel. An external coating (123) is applied to the formwork members, such as spray shotcrete or render. Channels (28) formed by the formwork members defines integrated ducting for services to be run.

A composite wall, ceiling or floor panel (10), system and method, including a sheet (14) having a first face (18) including at least one first mounting portion (16), and at least one formwork member (20) with at least one second mounting portion (30) arranged to engage with the first mounting portion of the sheet to retain the sheet and said at least one formwork member together. Structural support comes from piers (for a wall) or beams (ceiling or floor) formed in the spacing between adjacent formwork members. The formwork members act as the core of a wall, ceiling or floor panel. An external coating (123) is applied to the formwork members, such as spray shotcrete or render. Channels (28) formed by the formwork members defines integrated ducting for services to be run.

The invention provides a prefabricated structural element including an elongate body (11) and at least one first tensioner (1) that is fastened in the elongate body in such a manner that it compresses the elongate body. The structural element includes at least one second tensioner (2) that is fastened to the elongate body at two distinct points by two fastener element so that it compresses the elongate body, at least one of the fastener element being removable so as to make it possible to relax the compression exerted on the elongate body by the second tensioner.

The invention provides a prefabricated structural element including an elongate body (11) and at least one first tensioner (1) that is fastened in the elongate body in such a manner that it compresses the elongate body. The structural element includes at least one second tensioner (2) that is fastened to the elongate body at two distinct points by two fastener element so that it compresses the elongate body, at least one of the fastener element being removable so as to make it possible to relax the compression exerted on the elongate body by the second tensioner.

The method according to the invention for producing a prestressed concrete workpiece is characterized in that the prestress is created by a heat treatment, wherein the concrete and the reinforcement therefor are selected in such a way that, when cooling the concrete workpiece from an elevated temperature, the heat expansion coefficient of the concrete is less than that of the reinforcement, and in that, during cooling, the concrete and the reinforcement adhere sufficiently strongly to one another if, during cooling, the concrete is hydrated at least to such an extent in order to be able to expand the reinforcement on account of the different heat expansion coefficients, and in that the concrete, together with the reinforcement, is brought to the elevated temperature in such a way that and is hydrated during cooling at least to such an extent that it is prestressed by the reinforcement after cooling.

An apparatus includes a monolithic retaining wall formed by combinable modular retaining wall blocks. Each of the combinable modular retaining wall blocks defines (A) vertical grooves extending along a vertical direction, and (B) horizontal grooves extending along a horizontal direction. This is done in such a way that the monolithic retaining wall, which is formed by the combinable modular retaining wall blocks, defines (A) spaced-apart instances of the vertical channels extending vertically through the monolithic retaining wall, and (B) spaced-apart instances of the horizontal channels extending horizontally through the monolithic retaining wall, in which at least some of the spaced-apart instances of the horizontal channels intersect at least some of the spaced-apart instances of the vertical channels.

An apparatus includes a monolithic retaining wall formed by combinable modular retaining wall blocks. Each of the combinable modular retaining wall blocks defines (A) vertical grooves extending along a vertical direction, and (B) horizontal grooves extending along a horizontal direction. This is done in such a way that the monolithic retaining wall, which is formed by the combinable modular retaining wall blocks, defines (A) spaced-apart instances of the vertical channels extending vertically through the monolithic retaining wall, and (B) spaced-apart instances of the horizontal channels extending horizontally through the monolithic retaining wall, in which at least some of the spaced-apart instances of the horizontal channels intersect at least some of the spaced-apart instances of the vertical channels.

Reinforcement element for being positioned within a cast to elastically withstand tensile loads thereon, said reinforcement element comprising a plane sheet- or plate-shaped body of at least one row of consecutively coupled ring-shaped portions.