A longwall 110 mining method, wherein a haulage dip, an air-return dip and a track dip are provided, a plurality of working faces are arranged in a whole panel, both an upper gateroad and a lower gateroad of each mining face in mining are connected to the haulage dip, and the lower gateroad that retains an entry after the working face is mined is used as an upper gateroad of a next working face, and the lower gateroad of the next working face is connected to the air-return dip. The upper gateroad and the lower gateroad of each working face in mining of the present disclosure are connected to the haulage dip, and the lower gateroad of the working face is connected to the air-return dip.

A zero-emission, high-speed, autonomously controlled shipping container transport vehicle includes a first camera, a rotatable truck coupled to a plurality of front wheels, a steering motor, and a first flatbed frame. A second flatbed frame is configured to receive a battery module. A third flatbed frame is configured to communicate a load to the rear wheels. An electric battery module is disposed in the space of the second flatbed frame. A traction motor is coupled to at least one front wheel or rear wheel and is configured to derive electrical energy from the electric battery module. A vehicle controller is communicably coupled to the first and second cameras, traction motor, and steering motor, and is configured to operate in an autonomous mode to autonomously direct the traction motor to accelerate or decelerate and direct the steering motor to guide the vehicle.

Apparatus for allowing ventilation for underground tunnels through a ventilation shaft opening to atmosphere yet preventing underground flooding from surface waters pouring through the grate comprises an assembly that fits within the ventilation shaft and includes one or more panels mounted on a pivot axis and rotatable upwardly by human action raising the panel past a center point of the pivot axis to an upright inwardly leaning home position that allows ventilation as usual but by manual push or pull of the panels past the center point of the pivot axis lets the panels rotationally fall under gravitational impetus to a lower sealing position closing a passage between the ventilation shaft and atmosphere to prevent water from entering the underground tunnels.

A tunnel ventilation system located in an upper section of a tunnel has a ventilation section divided into two or three ventilation ducts. One or more of the ducts are connected to reversible fan units so the ducts can serve as either an air infeed or an air exhaust system. The ducts contain a series of remotely controlled flaps which can be opened to ventilate different tunnel zones or closed to isolate other parts of the tunnel. Air blowers at tunnel entrances create an air screen that prevents unintended air circulation into the tunnel. Heat, smoke and other sensors and a software control system enable the system to detect smoke and fire, then to isolate and control ventilation in the fire zone. A fire suppression system using low oxygen air or other fire suppression fluids to blanket and smother the fire operates in conjunction with the ventilation system.

An overcast system to block an intersection between two or more mine passageways so as to prevent the mixture of intake air with return air. The overcast system includes a first sidewall formed of one or more prefabricated panels, a second sidewall formed of one or more prefabricated panels, and a top member formed of one or more prefabricated panels, such that the top side spans the width between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. A fire-resistant coating is applied to at least a portion of the first sidewall, the second sidewall, or the top member to provide an air-tight, fire-resistant structure. Each of the one or more prefabricated panels is formed from a composite material having one or more structural studs embedded at least partially therein.

A system for the treatment of exhaust gases flowing in and/or flowing out from a tunnel (T) overlying a roadway (R) through a ventilation duct (TV). The system comprises: filtering means (20) to filter the exhaust gases passing through the ventilation duct (TV); fan means (V) to force the evacuation of exhaust gases from the tunnel (T) towards the outer environment or the inflow of the exhaust gases from the outer environment into the tunnel (T) through the ventilation duct (TV); detecting means (10) of at least one parameter of the exhaust gases; control means (30) to activate the filtering means (20) in response to the detection by the first (10) of the exceeding of a predetermined threshold value of the at least one parameter. The filtering means (20) comprise at least one filtering unit (20, 20, 20) that includes: at least one water reservoir (21); pumping means which include at least one high pressure pump (22); a plurality of high pressure nozzles (24) to spray atomized water into drops having an average diameter lower than 500 m, preferably lower than 250 m, and at a minimum working pressure of 150 bar, preferably at a minimum working pressure of 200 bar; a line of fluid connection (25) of said at least one water reservoir (21) with said high pressure nozzles (24) passing through said pumping means (22).

A coal and gas outburst monitoring device includes the insertion and anchoring assembly, and the pump drainage and monitoring mechanism; the insertion and anchoring assembly is vertically inserted and distributed on the sidewall of surrounding rock of coal mine roadway, and the insertion and anchoring assembly can monitor the stress change data in the sidewall of surrounding rock in real time; the pump drainage and monitoring mechanism is erected within the coal mine roadway, and the pump drainage and monitoring mechanism can cooperate with the insertion and anchoring assembly to perform the gas pump drainage monitoring for the sidewall of surrounding rock of goaf, and to obtain the gas seepage monitoring data in the surface layer and the inner layer of sidewall of surrounding rock. Thus, comparing with the database mechanism, the accurate and advanced predictions for the gas outburst can be made.

The optimized mine ventilation system of this invention supplements mine ventilation basic control systems composed of PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers with human machine interfaces from vendors such as Allen-Bradley, Modicon and others) or DCSs (Distributed Control System from vendors such as ABB and others) with supervisory control establishing a dynamic ventilation demand as a function of real-time tracking of machinery and/or personnel location and where this demand is optimally distributed in the work zones via the mine ventilation network and where the energy required to ventilate is minimized while totally satisfying the demand for each work zones. The optimized mine ventilation system operates on the basis of a predictive dynamic simulation model of the mine ventilation network along with emulated control equipment such as fans and air flow regulators. The model always reaches an air mass flow balance where the pressure and density is preferably compensated for depth and accounts for the natural ventilation pressure flows due to temperature differences. Model setpoints are checked for safety bounds and sent to real physical control equipment via the basic control system.

A roadway conduit system includes a roadway conduit section that includes a floor portion with roadway surface configured to receive traveling vehicles, a ceiling portion, and at least one sidewall portion coupled to the floor portion and the ceiling portion such that the floor, ceiling, and at least one sidewall portions define a roadway conduit volume through which the traveling vehicles traverse the roadway conduit section. The roadway conduit section includes at least two fixedly connected preformed segments. The roadway conduit system also includes a roadway conduit ingress coupled to a first location of the roadway conduit section; a roadway conduit egress coupled to a second location of the roadway conduit section; and at least one air mover configured to circulate an airflow in the roadway conduit volume in a direction of at least one of the traveling vehicles.

A coal and gas outburst monitoring device includes the insertion and anchoring assembly, and the pump drainage and monitoring mechanism; the insertion and anchoring assembly is vertically inserted and distributed on the sidewall of surrounding rock of coal mine roadway, and the insertion and anchoring assembly can monitor the stress change data in the sidewall of surrounding rock in real time; the pump drainage and monitoring mechanism is erected within the coal mine roadway, and the pump drainage and monitoring mechanism can cooperate with the insertion and anchoring assembly to perform the gas pump drainage monitoring for the sidewall of surrounding rock of goaf, and to obtain the gas seepage monitoring data in the surface layer and the inner layer of sidewall of surrounding rock. Thus, comparing with the database mechanism, the accurate and advanced predictions for the gas outburst can be made.