A submersible sieve apparatus provided with an exoskeletal frame enveloping a filter element and a detached post-filter backing; positioned to strain a lotic stream of entrained sediment prior to or upon being deposited. The frame can positioned and manipulated for greater efficiency. The filter and backing will take the shape of the frame and the backing may or may not be attached.

Controlled-debris elements inhibit the formation of a fibrous/particulate debris bed that unduly increases the pressure head loss through the perforated plates of strainers in a nuclear power plant emergency core cooling system. In a loss of cooling accident, pumps draw cooling water through the plates, which retain on their surfaces fibrous material in the circulating water to prevent it from reaching the pumps while permitting entrained particulate matter to pass through the perforations. The controlled-debris elements have a specific gravity substantially the same as the circulating water so they are entrained in the cooling water that is drawn toward the strainers and intimately intermix with the fibrous and particulate matter in the cooling water. The elements are configured to provide open structures in the bed formed on the plate surfaces to distribute fibers in the flow away from the surface and maintain cavities between the elements for the particulates.

A method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow diversion flume. Firstly, the longitudinal gradient J of the flume and the roughness coefficient n 0 of a fully-lined flume bottom (1) are determined. Then, the parameters of the box-type energy-dissipating section are set, and related parameters are substituted into a formula for calculation, so that the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume is obtained. Further, the flow velocity of the mudflow is calculated by means of the Manning formula. Finally, the flow velocity of the mudflow is compared with the non-scouring and non-silting velocity allowed by the flume, and the design value of the box-type energy-dissipating section is obtained through final optimization. The method factors in the longitudinal gradient J of the flume, the length L of the box-type energy-dissipating section, the width b of the box-type energy-dissipating section, and the average diameter D of filler stones. With the method, the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume under different design conditions can be determined reasonably, so as to further implement the optimized design of the box-type energy-dissipating section of the box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume. Further provided is an application of the method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume.

A structure for restraining debris in a stream, including lateral walls, which delimit between them a flow section in a bed of the stream. This flow section includes an upper portion that includes set between the lateral walls, a structure for retaining material arriving from upstream, and a lower portion that identifies an opening for outflow.

A method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow diversion flume. Firstly, the longitudinal gradient J of the flume and the roughness coefficient n 0 of a fully-lined flume bottom (1) are determined. Then, the parameters of the box-type energy-dissipating section are set, and related parameters are substituted into a formula for calculation, so that the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume is obtained. Further, the flow velocity of the mudflow is calculated by means of the Manning formula. Finally, the flow velocity of the mudflow is compared with the non-scouring and non-silting velocity allowed by the flume, and the design value of the box-type energy-dissipating section is obtained through final optimization. The method factors in the longitudinal gradient J of the flume, the length L of the box-type energy-dissipating section, the width b of the box-type energy-dissipating section, and the average diameter D of filler stones. With the method, the overall roughness coefficient n of the flume under different design conditions can be determined reasonably, so as to further implement the optimized design of the box-type energy-dissipating section of the box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume. Further provided is an application of the method of designing a box-type energy-dissipating section of a box-type energy-dissipating mudflow flume.

A method and a system for identifying a glacial lake outburst debris flow (GLODF) are provided. The method is obtained based on considering induced influences of slopes of channels and particle sizes of source particles on the GLODF. The method not only compensates for deficiencies in identifying the GLODF, but also realizes determination of the GLODF, which provides data basis for disaster prevention and control layout such as monitoring and early warning on a glacial lake and assists preventing and managing disasters caused by the GLODF. Meanwhile, multiple parameters used in the method are easy and convenient to obtain, and the parameters can be directly used on site, which saves engineering cost, improves working efficiency, and has high practical and promotional value in environmental protection and disaster prevention and mitigation.

The disclosure relates to a self-actuating debris removal or disruption device for use on a punch plate or other like water screening instrument.

Garbage collection apparatus for the collection of plastic from a surface of a waterbody with a waterflow. The garbage collection apparatus comprises a base and a horizontal beam mounted pivotably around a vertical axis on the base. Said horizontal beam is mounted displaceably in vertical direction on the base, where said horizontal beam on an underside comprises a collection device for collecting plastic floating on the surface of the waterbody. The collection device extends vertically away from the horizontal beam and extends horizontally in a direction opposite the direction of the water flow in the waterbody, which collection device comprises one of either bars or mesh, where said garbage collection apparatus comprises a first actuator for displacing the horizontal beam in or into vertical direction and where said collection device is connected rotatably to the horizontal beam and where the rotation axis of the collection device relative to the beam is parallel to a main axis of the horizontal beam and where the garbage collection apparatus comprises a controller. Method for removing plastic from the surface of a waterbody with a water flow, with a garbage collection apparatus.

A fish screen is presented having a porous surface made of two or more corrugations (e.g., elongated convex shapes) having an at least partially porous surface. The incorporation of a porous area on the corrugations allows increasing the total porous surface area compared to an underlying diversion area. The porous area is a magnification of an underlying diversion area, which reduces the fluid pressure (e.g., impingement forces) acting on the porous area of the screen. The valley between each pair of corrugations is solid, not porous. The solid valley(s) provide two important functions; they provide multiple small solid surface flow channels over the screen surface. These solid channels protect small or weak swimming aquatic organisms from impingement on the screen. That is, once organisms reach the solid channel, they may move along the solid channel free of impingement until they reach the edge of the screen.

Aquatic curtain devices and methods for forming waterway channels and reducing waterway maintenance are disclosed. Each curtain device comprises an elongated float and an elongated flexible curtain depending from a first side of the elongated float. The curtain has a bottom end with a weight extending along the entire length of the elongated float. The float is configured to be sufficiently buoyant to support the curtain in an upward direction. Each curtain device is configured for the curtain to remain in a substantially taut state when in use and accommodate fluctuations in water levels, such that the elongated weight remains on the bottom of the waterway while the elongated float remains on the surface. Artificial channels are constructed by selecting the length of the elongated float to achieve the desired channel dimensions using two or more curtain devices positioned along a desired path in a waterway.