A marine navigational aid for use with a piling. This marine navigational aid comprises a flexible wrap, at least one affixment mechanism coupled to the flexible wrap, and a plurality of alphanumeric characters disposed on an exterior side of the flexible wrap.

A marine navigational aid for use with a piling. This marine navigational aid comprises a flexible wrap, at least one affixment mechanism coupled to the flexible wrap, and a plurality of alphanumeric characters disposed on an exterior side of the flexible wrap.

A bearing surface of a subsea foundation has a low-resistance coating such as an aerogel, an aero-clay or a polymeric film. When the foundation is installed, the bearing surface is embedded in the seabed soil using the low-resistance coating to reduce resistance movement of the bearing surface relative to the seabed soil. The coating may then dissolve or fragment away from the bearing surface or transform into a higher-resistance state while remaining on the bearing surface. These mechanisms degrade a resistance-reducing property of the coating to increase resistance to movement of the embedded bearing surface relative to the seabed soil. Suction may be applied to the foundation before or after the resistance-reducing property of the coating has substantially degraded.

A method for retrofitting a wind turbine foundation is provided. The foundation comprises a first substantially elongated pile (31) in the ground. The method further comprises: arranging a lower end of an elongated channel (41) of a second substantially elongated pile (40) around the first pile (31), wherein the elongated channel (41) extends substantially along a longitudinal direction of the second pile (40), wherein the channel (41) is configured to receive at least a portion of the first pile. The method further comprises lowering the second pile (40) such that the elongated channel (41) surrounds at least a portion of the first pile (31). Finally, the second pile (40) is driven into the ground (35).

Extensible shells and related methods for constructing a support pier are disclosed. An extensible shell can define an interior for holding granular construction material and define a first opening at a first end for receiving the granular construction material into the interior and a second opening at a second end. The extensible shell can be flexible such that the shell expands when granular construction material is compacted in the interior of the shell. A method may include positioning the extensible shell in the ground and filling at least a portion of the interior of the shell with the granular construction material. The granular construction material may be compacted in the interior of the extensible shell to form a support pier.

Extensible shells and related methods for constructing a support pier are disclosed. An extensible shell can define an interior for holding granular construction material and define a first opening at a first end for receiving the granular construction material into the interior and a second opening at a second end. The extensible shell can be flexible such that the shell expands when granular construction material is compacted in the interior of the shell. A method may include positioning the extensible shell in the ground and filling at least a portion of the interior of the shell with the granular construction material. The granular construction material may be compacted in the interior of the extensible shell to form a support pier.

Extensible shells and related methods for constructing a support pier are disclosed. An extensible shell can define an interior for holding granular construction material and define a first opening at a first end for receiving the granular construction material into the interior and a second opening at a second end. The extensible shell can be flexible such that the shell expands when granular construction material is compacted in the interior of the shell. A method may include positioning the extensible shell in the ground and filling at least a portion of the interior of the shell with the granular construction material. The granular construction material may be compacted in the interior of the extensible shell to form a support pier.

Extensible shells and related methods for constructing a support pier are disclosed. An extensible shell can define an interior for holding granular construction material and define a first opening at a first end for receiving the granular construction material into the interior and a second opening at a second end. The extensible shell can be flexible such that the shell expands when granular construction material is compacted in the interior of the shell. A method may include positioning the extensible shell in the ground and filling at least a portion of the interior of the shell with the granular construction material. The granular construction material may be compacted in the interior of the extensible shell to form a support pier.

Systems and methods for reducing scouring around piles are described. The system includes a pile and an enclosure. The pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D.sub.p. The enclosure is circumferentially disposed around the pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D.sub.e, wherein D.sub.e is at least 1.25*D.sub.p.

Systems and methods for reducing scouring around piles are described. The system includes a pile and an enclosure. The pile has a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D.sub.p. The enclosure is circumferentially disposed around the pile, the enclosure having a first end proximate a surface of a seabed; a second end distal the surface of the seabed; and a maximum cross-sectional dimension, D.sub.e, wherein D.sub.e is at least 1.25*D.sub.p.