A fatigue resistant gravity based spread footing under heavy multi-axial cyclical loading of a wind tower. The foundation having a central vertical pedestal, a substantially horizontal continuous bottom support slab, a plurality of radial reinforcing ribs extending radially outward from the pedestal. The pedestal, ribs and slab forming a continuous monolithic structure. The foundation may have a three-dimensional network of post-tensioning elements that keep the structural elements under heavy multi-axial post compression with a specific eccentricity intended to reduce stress amplitudes and deflections and allows the foundation to have a desirable combination of high stiffness and superior fatigue resistance. The foundation design reduces the weight and volume of materials used, reduces cost, and improves heat dissipation conditions during construction by having a small ratio of concrete mass to surface area thus eliminating the risk of thermal cracking due to heat of hydration.

A rebar support comprising: an elongate body have a first plurality of rebar cradles disposed along its length for holding rebars in a first direction; a plurality of chairs located along a back of the elongate body, each of the chairs including at least one cradle for holding steel reinforcement members in a second direction at right angles to the first direction; and first and second complementary engagement formations located at opposed ends of the elongate body for facilitating end-to-end fastening of two or more rebar supports.

Systems and methods for forming insulated sandwich walls are provided. Outer and inner support members are located between inner and outer strongbacks. Structural material for an outer wall, such as concrete, is deposited between the outer strongback and outer support member. Structural material for an inner wall is deposited between the inner strongback and inner support member. An insulating material is deposited between the outer and inner support members to form an insulating core.

A clipping apparatus for holding rebar is disclosed. The clipping apparatus includes having a first base portion and a second base portion. Extensions and clips are positioned in the base portions to hold one or more rebar rods or wires in a stable orientation. Platforms are positioned to give a user a plane upon which to apply an engaging force to clip the rebar into the clipping apparatus. A chair arrangement is positioned to provide spacing between adjacent planes of rebar. A fluid-stop section is positioned about the first base portion and the second base portion. The fluid-stop section also includes a raised rim. Together with the base, platforms, and chair, the fluid-stop section to help prevent flow of liquid through the clipping apparatus.

In a first aspect there is disclosed a reinforcing spacer (10) for use in constructing a concrete slab. The spacer (10) includes a first reinforcing arm (12) having a first arm base (16), a first arm wall (18) and a first arm support surface (20) provided on the first arm wall (18). The spacer (10) further includes a second reinforcing arm (14), transverse to the first reinforcing arm (12). The second reinforcing arm (14) has a second arm base (22), a second arm wall (24), and a second arm support surface (26) provided on the second arm wall (24). The first arm support surface (20) includes a first arm recess (36), and a first arm inclined surface (46) which slopes towards the first arm recess (36). The second arm support surface (20) includes a second arm recess (56) and a second arm inclined surface (60) which slopes towards the second arm recess (56). In use the spacer is located on a top surface of a pod to support a reinforcing mesh.

In a first aspect there is disclosed a reinforcing spacer (10) for use in constructing a concrete slab. The spacer (10) includes a first reinforcing arm (12) having a first arm base (16), a first arm wall (18) and a first arm support surface (20) provided on the first arm wall (18). The spacer (10) further includes a second reinforcing arm (14), transverse to the first reinforcing arm (12). The second reinforcing arm (14) has a second arm base (22), a second arm wall (24), and a second arm support surface (26) provided on the second arm wall (24). The first arm support surface (20) includes a first arm recess (36), and a first arm inclined surface (46) which slopes towards the first arm recess (36). The second arm support surface (20) includes a second arm recess (56) and a second arm inclined surface (60) which slopes towards the second arm recess (56). In use the spacer is located on a top surface of a pod to support a reinforcing mesh.

An adjustable concrete reinforcement assembly includes a base member having a pair of open ends and an upper axial cavity defined along the length of the base member. A pair of frame members each include a horizontal extending portion and a vertical extending portion in which the horizontal extending portions are sized to engage the upper axial cavity of the base member. A hanger member is disposed at an upper end of the vertical extending portions of each frame member; wherein the frame members are axially movable within the base member to enable a horizontal dimension of the assembly to be selectively adjusted. At least one support is further provided to receive at least one concrete reinforcement member, such as rebar. In at least one version, adjustments can be to the horizontal dimension of the frame and optionally the vertical and horizontal positioning of the hanger members relative to a concrete form.

A reinforcement arrangement and a method for producing a construction material body using the reinforcement arrangement. The reinforcement arrangement comprises a reinforcement body and at least one holding anchor unit. Each holding anchor unit is arranged or attached at the reinforcement body by a foot section. A holding section adjoining the foot section is moveable between a storage position and a function position. In the storage position, the holding section extends directly adjacent along the reinforcement body and abuts the reinforcement body at one or more locations. In the function position, a free end of the holding section opposite the foot section is larger than in the storage position. The holding section can be moved manually or self-acting from the storage position into the function position. The reinforcement body, the holding section, and the foot section are preferably embodied as textile-reinforced elements.

Provided are a textile-reinforced concrete structure using a textile grid fixing device and a construction method therefor. A textile grid is precisely disposed at a predetermined position between a mold and a main reinforcing bar using a textile grid fixing device so as to be prevented from being moved by a pouring pressure when concrete is poured, and thus a textile-reinforced concrete structure can be precisely constructed. The textile grid fixing device is fixed to one side of the mold, and the textile-reinforced concrete structure is constructed using the textile grid fixing device such that fine cracks are suppressed from being generated on a surface of concrete. Further, a surface of a concrete structure is protected from an external environment when the textile-reinforced concrete structure is constructed so that a covering thickness of concrete can be reduced, and thus, the textile-reinforced concrete structure can be economically constructed.

Systems and methods for supporting a concrete slab are disclosed. The disclosed systems and methods may comprise an array of coupled hollow boxes to support a concrete slab monolithically poured on the array. The array of hollow boxes may be particularly suited for supporting a concrete slab to be emplaced at a construction site on expansive, collapsible, compressible, and/or rocky soils. The disclosed systems and methods may be more economically feasible and more reliable than other methods of preventing damage to a concrete slab in an expansive soil setting.