The invention relates to a ceiling formwork and a method for producing a ceiling element, comprising the following steps: arranging two ceiling supports on a floor, connecting a first end region of a ceiling formwork frame to the two ceiling supports such that the ceiling formwork frame is arranged in an intermediate position inclined downward from the first end region in the direction of a second end region, connecting a lost ceiling plate to the ceiling formwork frame arranged in the intermediate position, pivoting the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame up, together with the lost ceiling plate, supporting the second end region of the ceiling formwork frame that has been pivoted up by at least one additional ceiling support and casting the ceiling element, together with the lost ceiling plate, on the ceiling formwork frame.

Structural cells and matrices using the structural cells for positioning below a hardscape that define a void space therein, the structural cells, matrices using the cells and methods of assembly allowing in one embodiment the introduction of a structural fluid such as concrete to provide an alternative structural cell and matrix product. In one embodiment a structural cell assembly is described comprising a structural cell with a plurality of legs integrally linked to a frame at a first frame end, the frame linking the legs together and the frame defining a generally flat plane with the legs extending substantially orthogonally away from the first frame end about the frame flat plane to a leg terminal end; and a separate plate engaging the legs, the separate plate comprising linked sockets, each socket engaging the leg terminal end; and/or linked sockets, each socket engaging the leg frame ends or a part thereof.

Structural cells and matrices using the structural cells for positioning below a hardscape that define a void space therein, the structural cells, matrices using the cells and methods of assembly allowing in one embodiment the introduction of a structural fluid such as concrete to provide an alternative structural cell and matrix product. In one embodiment a structural cell assembly is described comprising a structural cell with a plurality of legs integrally linked to a frame at a first frame end, the frame linking the legs together and the frame defining a generally flat plane with the legs extending substantially orthogonally away from the first frame end about the frame flat plane to a leg terminal end; and a separate plate engaging the legs, the separate plate comprising linked sockets, each socket engaging the leg terminal end; and/or linked sockets, each socket engaging the leg frame ends or a part thereof.

The present invention is an improved apparatus and method for forming a retractable tower or column. The present invention includes pointed hooks wherein the hooks are attached to each section of a section chain, one in a horizontal direction and one in an off-set manner. The section chains are placed on a take up mechanism in an operable position and then raised utilizing a motor. As the section chains are raised, they are guided by a guide tower, rollers, shims, and gear racks into a position whereby hooks from adjacent sections of the section chains form coupled engagements. The coupled engagement of the hooks of the sections of each adjacent section chains thereby form the column.

The present invention is an improved apparatus and method for forming a retractable tower or column. The present invention includes pointed hooks wherein the hooks are attached to each section of a section chain, one in a horizontal direction and one in an off-set manner. The section chains are placed on a take up mechanism in an operable position and then raised utilizing a motor. As the section chains are raised, they are guided by a guide tower, rollers, shims, and gear racks into a position whereby hooks from adjacent sections of the section chains form coupled engagements. The coupled engagement of the hooks of the sections of each adjacent section chains thereby form the column.

A support device for supporting beams of formwork for floor slabs, which comprises an upright, the end of which can be fixed to a supporting prop that rests on the ground; a supporting head for at least one supporting beam of floor slab formwork, which is arranged coupled slideably along the upright, and elements of reversibly locking the supporting head on a preset position defined along the upright, the supporting head in turn comprises: two plates, at least two recesses, for guiding insertion and for containment for a resting portion of the corresponding supporting beam, each one of which is provided on a respective plate, each recess having a substantially flat bottom with a breadth such as to define a variable resting point for the supporting beam along the bottom as a function of the inclination of the supporting beam.

A pass-through head assembly is provided. The pass-through head assembly may include a central shaft, a plurality of support bars, a seat, and a seat support plate. The central shaft may extend between a first end plate and a second end plate. Each end plate may define an aperture that aligns with an interior cavity of the central shaft. The plurality of support bars may extend from the central shaft and the second end plate. The seat and seat support plate may each be circumferentially disposed about the central shaft and define apertures that are sized to allow the seat and the seat support plate to pass over the central shaft and the plurality of support bars. The seat may be configured to support one or more beams. The seat support plate may be disposed between the seat and the second end plate.

The invention relates to a support head (20, 20.sup.(l)) for attachment to a formwork support (18a-18l) for creating the formwork for a floor (44) using a large number of floor formwork elements (14a-14u) which each have a form surface (22). The support head (20, 20.sup.(l)) has two support portions (32, 34) suitable for supporting at least one pair of adjacent floor formwork elements (14j, 14k) of the large number of floor formwork elements (14a-14u). The support head (20, 20.sup.(l)) has an adjustment device (46) for moving a first support portion (32) into an arrangement in which the floor formwork element (14j) which can be mounted on the first support portion (32) can be mounted thereon on at least one subjacent mounting point (P.sub.3) which is at a lower mounting height (h.sub.2) than a formwork mounting height (h.sub.1). The mounting point (P.sub.2) of the second support portion (34) remains at the formwork mounting height (h.sub.1).

The invention relates to a support head (20, 20.sup.(l)) for attachment to a formwork support (18a-18l) for creating the formwork for a floor (44) using a large number of floor formwork elements (14a-14u) which each have a form surface (22). The support head (20, 20.sup.(l)) has two support portions (32, 34) suitable for supporting at least one pair of adjacent floor formwork elements (14j, 14k) of the large number of floor formwork elements (14a-14u). The support head (20, 20.sup.(l)) has an adjustment device (46) for moving a first support portion (32) into an arrangement in which the floor formwork element (14j) which can be mounted on the first support portion (32) can be mounted thereon on at least one subjacent mounting point (P.sub.3) which is at a lower mounting height (h.sub.2) than a formwork mounting height (h.sub.1). The mounting point (P.sub.2) of the second support portion (34) remains at the formwork mounting height (h.sub.1).

The invention relates to a scaffolding crossbar (22a, 22b) having at least two, in particular at least three crossbar coupling elements at one end. The crossbar coupling elements can be designed to be the same. The crossbar coupling elements are designed preferably in the form of receiving openings. The crossbar coupling elements serve to detachably secure diagonal piece coupling elements. The scaffolding (10) according to the invention, having a scaffolding crossbar (22a, 22b) of this type, has a diagonal scaffolding piece (16a, 16b) with a first diagonal piece coupling element at one end and a second diagonal piece coupling element at the other end. The first diagonal piece coupling element can be designed differently from the second diagonal piece coupling element, wherein the crossbar coupling elements are designed preferably for connecting both diagonal piece coupling elements. The scaffolding (10) can thereby be designed such that it is optionally partially or completely particularly torsion resistant.