A connector is configured to electrically connect a plasma emitter array with an identification chip to a power supply controller, and to further mechanically support the emitter device supporting the array during use. Cooperating components of the connector and emitter device form a magnetic latch assembly: the connector includes one or more magnets flush with a top receiving surface of the connector, and one or more alignment pegs extending outward from the receiving surface; the emitter device includes a steel plate attached to a substrate, and one or more holes disposed through the plate and the substrate. The holes align with the alignment pegs and the magnets attract the plate and secure the emitter device against the top receiving surface. Electrical contacts of the connector establish electrical communication with the identification chip, providing power to the emitter device and enabling the controller to read data stored in the identification chip.

A connector is configured to electrically connect a plasma emitter array with an identification chip to a power supply controller, and to further mechanically support the emitter device supporting the array during use. Cooperating components of the connector and emitter device form a magnetic latch assembly: the connector includes one or more magnets flush with a top receiving surface of the connector, and one or more alignment pegs extending outward from the receiving surface; the emitter device includes a steel plate attached to a substrate, and one or more holes disposed through the plate and the substrate. The holes align with the alignment pegs and the magnets attract the plate and secure the emitter device against the top receiving surface. Electrical contacts of the connector establish electrical communication with the identification chip, providing power to the emitter device and enabling the controller to read data stored in the identification chip.

Disclosed are a disinfection system using plasma-discharged water, and a spray nozzle. The disinfection system using plasma-discharged water is characterized by comprising: a plasma-discharged water generating device; a to-be-treated water supply unit for supplying water to be treated to the plasma-discharged water generating device; a plasma-discharged water ejection unit connected to one side of the plasma-discharged water generating device; and a spray nozzle which is fluid-communicably connected to the plasma-discharged water generating device and supplied with plasma-discharged water from the plasma-discharged water ejection unit, and atomizes and sprays the supplied plasma-discharged water as droplets.

A plasma torch having an open end from which a plasma plume is emitted in use is disclosed. The plasma torch includes a central cathode rod, a grounded conductive tube having an open end and being arranged around the cathode and spaced therefrom to form a first cylindrical cavity open at one end; and a high voltage electrode having a dielectric barrier material at a radially inward-facing surface thereof and being arranged around the grounded conductive tube and spaced apart therefrom to form a second annular cylindrical cavity open at one end. A constant direct current (DC) electrical power plus a high voltage pulsed electrical power is provided to the cathode producing an arc discharge in the first cavity between the cathode and grounded tube to generate a central thermal plasma emitted at an open end of the first cylindrical cavity. A high voltage alternating current electrical power or pulsed electrical power is provided to the high voltage electrode producing a dielectric barrier discharge in the second annular cylindrical cavity to generate a non-thermal plasma emitted from an open end of the second cavity as a halo around the central thermal plasma.

A plasma torch having an open end from which a plasma plume is emitted in use is disclosed. The plasma torch includes a central cathode rod, a grounded conductive tube having an open end and being arranged around the cathode and spaced therefrom to form a first cylindrical cavity open at one end; and a high voltage electrode having a dielectric barrier material at a radially inward-facing surface thereof and being arranged around the grounded conductive tube and spaced apart therefrom to form a second annular cylindrical cavity open at one end. A constant direct current (DC) electrical power plus a high voltage pulsed electrical power is provided to the cathode producing an arc discharge in the first cavity between the cathode and grounded tube to generate a central thermal plasma emitted at an open end of the first cylindrical cavity. A high voltage alternating current electrical power or pulsed electrical power is provided to the high voltage electrode producing a dielectric barrier discharge in the second annular cylindrical cavity to generate a non-thermal plasma emitted from an open end of the second cavity as a halo around the central thermal plasma.

A beeswax and/or beehive or bee keeping equipment surface is treated with a composition containing at least one solvent, at least one surfactant and at least one oxidizing agent (e.g., peroxide), optionally also containing other components such as an oxidizing agent activator, a viscosifying agent, an enzyme and/or a pH control agent, to reduce the amount of pesticide residues on the beeswax surface and/or disinfect against any bacterial, viruses, and fungi infestation.

Sterilization systems suitable for clinical use, comprising: a housing defining a water mist fluid flow path between an inlet for receiving water mist and an outlet for directing a flow of hydroxyl radicals towards a region to be sterilised; an energy delivery tip configured to produce a thermal or non-thermal plasma; a coaxial transmission line arranged to convey radiofrequency (RF) and/or microwave frequency electromagnetic (EM) energy; and a gas conduit in the housing and arranged to deliver gas to the energy delivery tip, wherein the energy delivery tip extends from a distal end of the coaxial transmission line. The energy delivery tip comprises: a first electrode; and a second electrode. The first electrode and second electrode are configured to: strike a plasma in the gas delivered to the energy delivery tip, and direct the plasma into the water mist fluid flow path to form hydroxyl radicals therein.

Sterilization systems suitable for clinical use, comprising: a housing defining a water mist fluid flow path between an inlet for receiving water mist and an outlet for directing a flow of hydroxyl radicals towards a region to be sterilised; an energy delivery tip configured to produce a thermal or non-thermal plasma; a coaxial transmission line arranged to convey radiofrequency (RF) and/or microwave frequency electromagnetic (EM) energy; and a gas conduit in the housing and arranged to deliver gas to the energy delivery tip, wherein the energy delivery tip extends from a distal end of the coaxial transmission line. The energy delivery tip comprises: a first electrode; and a second electrode. The first electrode and second electrode are configured to: strike a plasma in the gas delivered to the energy delivery tip, and direct the plasma into the water mist fluid flow path to form hydroxyl radicals therein.

Provided are an adjustable continuous-flow plasma disinfection and sterilization method and a disinfection and sterilization device. The adjustable continuous-flow plasma disinfection and sterilization method includes: (1) exciting atmospheric-pressure plasmas in a disinfection and sterilization chamber featuring an adjustable inlet-outlet pressure difference; (2) adjusting the inlet-outlet pressure difference of the disinfection and sterilization chamber after the atmospheric-pressure plasmas become stable, so as to adjust the plasma density in the chamber; (3) continuously feeding microorganism carriers to be disinfected and sterilized into the disinfection and sterilization chamber for disinfection or sterilization; and (4) continuously discharging the carriers out of the disinfection and sterilization chamber to complete disinfection or sterilization. The method allows continuous work under atmospheric pressure, and can disinfect or sterilize closed, semi-open or open spaces.

Provided are an adjustable continuous-flow plasma disinfection and sterilization method and a disinfection and sterilization device. The adjustable continuous-flow plasma disinfection and sterilization method includes: (1) exciting atmospheric-pressure plasmas in a disinfection and sterilization chamber featuring an adjustable inlet-outlet pressure difference; (2) adjusting the inlet-outlet pressure difference of the disinfection and sterilization chamber after the atmospheric-pressure plasmas become stable, so as to adjust the plasma density in the chamber; (3) continuously feeding microorganism carriers to be disinfected and sterilized into the disinfection and sterilization chamber for disinfection or sterilization; and (4) continuously discharging the carriers out of the disinfection and sterilization chamber to complete disinfection or sterilization. The method allows continuous work under atmospheric pressure, and can disinfect or sterilize closed, semi-open or open spaces.