A method of manufacturing a concrete substrate includes placing a first concrete layer on a support base configured to support the concrete substrate, positioning a concrete slab load transfer apparatus on a top surface of the first concrete layer, wherein the top surface of the first concrete layer supports the concrete slab load transfer apparatus, and placing a second concrete layer on the top surface of the first concrete layer such that the second concrete layer covers the concrete slab load apparatus.

An illustrative example method of making a concrete expansion joint insert includes establishing an insert body having two ends, two longitudinal edges between the ends, and two side surfaces between the longitudinal edges and the ends. A sealant is secured to one of the longitudinal edges so that the insert and the sealant can be simultaneously inserted into an expansion joints.

An illustrative example method of making a concrete expansion joint insert includes establishing an insert body having two ends, two longitudinal edges between the ends, and two side surfaces between the longitudinal edges and the ends. A sealant is secured to one of the longitudinal edges so that the insert and the sealant can be simultaneously inserted into an expansion joints.

A method of installing mastic joints on a paved surface is described. The method of installing mastic joints may be used as a repair (i.e. erosion of the paved surface at the joint) or in connection with a new installation of the paved surface. The method of installing mastic joints made include installation with joints that have a structure at the joint terminus. The method produces a joint that is resistant to infiltration of water, fuel, and salt, including mixtures thereof. The method further produces a mastic joint that is thermally resistant and produces longevity of use.

A method of installing mastic joints on a paved surface is described. The method of installing mastic joints may be used as a repair (i.e. erosion of the paved surface at the joint) or in connection with a new installation of the paved surface. The method of installing mastic joints made include installation with joints that have a structure at the joint terminus. The method produces a joint that is resistant to infiltration of water, fuel, and salt, including mixtures thereof. The method further produces a mastic joint that is thermally resistant and produces longevity of use.

An expansion joint seal system with a water-activated impregnation solute, and a body of an open-celled and resiliently-compressible foam, where the volume of the water-activated impregnation solute may be combined on-site and on-demand with water and manually impregnated into the body of the foam for insertion.

In one aspect, a dowel is configured to join two adjacent concrete sections. The dowel includes a cylindrical rod having a length and a reflective marker disposed on the cylindrical rod at a midpoint of the length. The dowel is attached to a basket proximate one of the ends.

In one aspect, a dowel is configured to join two adjacent concrete sections. The dowel includes a cylindrical rod having a length and a reflective marker disposed on the cylindrical rod at a midpoint of the length. The dowel is attached to a basket proximate one of the ends.

A dowel basket includes a metal frame with a plurality of non-metallic dowel bars having weld members secured to the dowel bars and welded to the metal frame. The dowel basket may provide wherein the weld members include weldable metal though pins extending through through-holes provided on opposed ends of each dowel bar and welded to loop wires of the metal frame, or weldable metal caps on opposed ends of each dowel bar welded to the metal frame, or weldable metal caps with at least one lug on opposed ends of each dowel bar welded to the metal frame. A method of forming a dowel basket including a metal frame with a plurality of non-metallic dowel bars comprises the steps of securing weld members to opposed ends of each of the dowel bars and welding each of the dowel bars to the metal frame via the weld members.

A dowel basket includes a metal frame with a plurality of non-metallic dowel bars having weld members secured to the dowel bars and welded to the metal frame. The dowel basket may provide wherein the weld members include weldable metal though pins extending through through-holes provided on opposed ends of each dowel bar and welded to loop wires of the metal frame, or weldable metal caps on opposed ends of each dowel bar welded to the metal frame, or weldable metal caps with at least one lug on opposed ends of each dowel bar welded to the metal frame. A method of forming a dowel basket including a metal frame with a plurality of non-metallic dowel bars comprises the steps of securing weld members to opposed ends of each of the dowel bars and welding each of the dowel bars to the metal frame via the weld members.