A system and method is provided for delivering electric energy to an electric vehicle via electric charging stations or kiosks where an energy delivery point is configured to provide energy to the electric vehicle via a connector or a wireless energy source. The method involves charging an electric vehicle by detecting, using a RFID tag reader associated with an electric vehicle, signals emanating from a marker positioned on the ground, where the marker includes one or more RFID tags, and where the RFID tag reader is able to recognize the signals despite weather conditions where the ground is covered by snow.

A sinusoidal traffic line that has scalloped edges to form a sine wave that increases visibility under conditions of reduced visibility is formed of a pre-cut ribbon or applied traffic line material (e.g., sprayed thermoplastic material). The traffic lines have a wavy left edge and a wavy right edge. The edges are formed in a regular pattern, having a regular amplitude and wavelength relative to a directional vector along the axis of the traffic line. The patterns of the outer edges are arranged in an opposite arrangement such that they converge and diverge. The upper surface of the traffic line can be embossed by an embossed device so as to create a regular pattern and increase reflectivity.

A driving assistance system and method is provided that includes a plurality of magnetic markers having a magnet component configured to generate a magnetic field on a road surface, together with a pavement marking material that includes a RFID tag that is readable by a RFID tag reader. The pavement marking material includes encoded information that is conveyed to a vehicle's on-board sensing system that is adapted to obtain data through wireless communications. The magnetic markers are conformable, polymeric materials having viscoelastic properties such that vehicles having magnetic sensors can detect magnetic fields from the magnetic markers when positioned on a road surface.

Disclosed are improved snowplowable pavement markers held fixedly to a roadway by adhesive. The markers include a holder and at least one transversely arranged reflector to retroreflect incident light from headlights of approaching vehicles. The holders have a pocket for supporting the reflector. One or more through openings having angled sides are defined in the bottom of the pocket so that when the marker is installed in an adhesive bed on the pavement, adhesive flows into contact with the holder and the bottom of the reflector to simultaneously affix both to the pavement. Reflectors may be replaced by simply chiseling an old reflector out of the holder pocket to create a flat bottom surface in the pocket to which a bead of mastic adhesive is applied and a new reflector is subsequently installed. This new marker construction applies to both raised and recessed snowplowable pavement markers.

A marking tape for application on pavement which comprises a core layer and an adhesive layer outside the core layer. The core layer is formed of a combination of a conforming layer of a thermoplastic material, a marking layer of a cross-linked material, and a fibrous layer. The conforming layer and the marking layer are contiguous and/or directly interconnected with each other.

A sinusoidal traffic line that has scalloped edges to form a sine wave that increases visibility under conditions of reduced visibility is formed of a pre-cut ribbon or applied traffic line material (e.g., sprayed thermoplastic material). The traffic lines have a wavy left edge and a wavy right edge. The edges are formed in a regular pattern, having a regular amplitude and wavelength relative to a directional vector along the axis of the traffic line. The patterns of the outer edges can be arranged in an opposite arrangement such that they converge and diverge. The upper surface of the traffic line can be embossed by an embossed device so as to create a regular pattern and increase reflectivity.

A pavement marking tape has raised, irregular polygonal relief features with retroreflective elements covering a portion of the surface of the tape. The form of the relief features minimizes shadowing effects. Raised relief features are shaped to increase the visible number of vertical faces and edges of the relief features, which are the most reflective structures, and are oriented toward incident light from an approaching observer to maximize retroreflectivity.

A method and system for facilitating cost effective, reliable, system redundant, self-driving vehicles involves the employment of specialized lane marking components that permit unprecedented sensor feedback, and in particular, a system and method that enables accurate lane marking recognition despite adverse weather conditions, which presently pose problems experienced by self-driving systems that rely upon vision based camera systems.

An electrically conductive carriageway marking includes a carrier strip, electrically conductive wires extending along the carrier strip, an electrically insulating covering layer covering the wires, a power feed formed by an interface connecting the wires to a supply line, and interfaces arranged spaced apart from each other along the carriageway marking and having electrical contact areas. The contact areas include contact elements protruding laterally from the carriageway marking, and the supply line is connectable to a first contact area of the wires and a second contact area of the wires by electrical contacts that can be tapped off. In the region of the contact areas the covering layer is formed by a detachable adhesive protective strip, and the protective strip is connected via predetermined break points or perforations to adjoining sections of the covering layer, and the wires are exposed by detaching the protective strip.

A method and system for facilitating cost effective, reliable, system redundant, self-driving vehicles involves the employment of specialized lane marking components that permit unprecedented sensor feedback, and in particular, a system and method that enables accurate lane marking recognition despite adverse weather conditions, which presently pose problems experienced by self-driving systems that rely upon vision based camera systems.