The invention relates to a method of building a foundation (1) comprising a steel monopile (2) and a precast concrete part (3) on top of the monopile (2), comprising:—arranging a support structure (12) inside the monopile (2), the support structure (12) having a plurality of rods (16) extending radially with respect to a longitudinal axis of the monopile;—bringing the concrete part (3) above the monopile (2), with supporting columns (13) interposed between the support structure (12) and the concrete part (3), wherein reinforcement bars (14) protruding from a bottom surface (9) of the precast concrete part (3) extend downwardly beyond the support structure (12) by passing between the rods (16) of the support structure (12);—arranging tendons (15) between the support structure (12) and the concrete part (3) and tensioning the tendons (15); and—pouring concrete into an upper part of the monopile (2).

The invention relates to a method of building a foundation (1) comprising a steel monopile (2) and a precast concrete part (3) on top of the monopile (2), comprising:—arranging a support structure (12) inside the monopile (2), the support structure (12) having a plurality of rods (16) extending radially with respect to a longitudinal axis of the monopile;—bringing the concrete part (3) above the monopile (2), with supporting columns (13) interposed between the support structure (12) and the concrete part (3), wherein reinforcement bars (14) protruding from a bottom surface (9) of the precast concrete part (3) extend downwardly beyond the support structure (12) by passing between the rods (16) of the support structure (12);—arranging tendons (15) between the support structure (12) and the concrete part (3) and tensioning the tendons (15); and—pouring concrete into an upper part of the monopile (2).

Provided is a drilling apparatus, comprising a PHC pipe cased pile having a drilling section for containing fluid and a hammer element arranged inside the cavity of the PHC pipe cased pile which moves along the drilling direction till the bottom of the drilling section. As the hammer element moves along the drilling direction till the bottom of the drilling section, a localized hydraulic force will be induced in the fluid contained in the drilling section of the PHC pipe cased pile by a sharp rise in the fluid pressure in addition to the impact force directly acted on the rock and soil by the hammer element. Under action of the hydraulic force and the impact force, the surrounding soft rock stratum could be crushed and the rock stratum with higher strength is left intact, that is, the drilling apparatus proceeds until harder rock. At this point, concrete casting will bond with the harder rock, resulting in a better bearing capacity of the PHC pipe cased pile foundation.

A pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar includes a concrete body, a steel cage including a plurality of pre-stressed rebars, a plurality of stirrups; and two plates, the rebars are steel strands, a plurality of conical through holes are provided on the plate, and multiple clips are disposed inside each conical through hole, each clip having a toothed inner surface, the multiple clips are spliced together to form a chock assembly for clamping each steel strand, and a peripheral surface of the chock assembly has a conical surface; a clamping hole is formed in the center of the chock assembly, the steel strand passes through a clamping hole and is clamped tightly. A method for manufacturing a pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar is also included.

A pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar includes a concrete body, a steel cage including a plurality of pre-stressed rebars, a plurality of stirrups; and two plates, the rebars are steel strands, a plurality of conical through holes are provided on the plate, and multiple clips are disposed inside each conical through hole, each clip having a toothed inner surface, the multiple clips are spliced together to form a chock assembly for clamping each steel strand, and a peripheral surface of the chock assembly has a conical surface; a clamping hole is formed in the center of the chock assembly, the steel strand passes through a clamping hole and is clamped tightly. A method for manufacturing a pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar is also included.

A system for joining two separate spun piles by interlocking together a top end plate located at a bottom end of a first spun pile to a bottom end plate located at a top end of a second spun pile, wherein the end plates each have a plurality of segments comprising an equal number of segmental protrusions and segmental recesses.

A system for joining two separate spun piles by interlocking together a top end plate located at a bottom end of a first spun pile to a bottom end plate located at a top end of a second spun pile, wherein the end plates each have a plurality of segments comprising an equal number of segmental protrusions and segmental recesses.

A mould liner for a fabrication assembly is disclosed. The fabrication assembly is for fabricating an elongate concrete article in a substantially upright orientation and includes a core assembly and an outer mould assembly defining a mould cavity between the core assembly and an inner moulding surface of the outer mould assembly with the outer mould assembly being separable following casting of the elongate concrete article to strip the outer mould assembly from the elongate concrete article. The mould liner during casting forms an intermediate layer between the inner moulding surface of the outer mould assembly and the elongate concrete article being cast, wherein on stripping of the core and outer mould assemblies following casting, the mould liner is adapted to form an outer containment layer to the elongate concrete article.

A mould liner for a fabrication assembly is disclosed. The fabrication assembly is for fabricating an elongate concrete article in a substantially upright orientation and includes a core assembly and an outer mould assembly defining a mould cavity between the core assembly and an inner moulding surface of the outer mould assembly with the outer mould assembly being separable following casting of the elongate concrete article to strip the outer mould assembly from the elongate concrete article. The mould liner during casting forms an intermediate layer between the inner moulding surface of the outer mould assembly and the elongate concrete article being cast, wherein on stripping of the core and outer mould assemblies following casting, the mould liner is adapted to form an outer containment layer to the elongate concrete article.

Tip-grouting tools may include at least one inlet, an outlet in communication with the at least one inlet, and a distribution material defining a tortuous path between the at least one inlet and the outlet. The distribution material may be configured to distribute at least one of pressure, mass, and flow of grouting material across the outlet.