A trough plate for constructing a locked polymer anti-seepage wall includes a plate body, a guide tube, a grouting pipe and an anti-blocking head. A construction method of the locked polymer anti-seepage wall includes the steps of positioning an N.sup.th trough plate and then pressing the N.sup.th trough plate into ground, wherein N is a natural number larger than and equal to 1; engaging an (N+1).sup.th trough plate with the N.sup.th trough plate, and then pressing the (N+1).sup.th trough plate into the ground; connecting a grouting pipe of the N.sup.th trough plate with a grouting machine, pulling out the N.sup.th trough plate, and simultaneously grouting through the grouting pipe of the N.sup.th trough plate by the grouting machine; and repeating the steps (B) and (C) till the locked polymer anti-seepage wall is completed, wherein the steps (B) and (C) are repeated every time, N is automatically increased by 1.

The invention relates to a system with markers for placing a retaining pile with asymmetrical reinforcement and method for using same, so that the reinforcement is disposed in the correct position. The system comprises at least one positioned separator and a marker-separator attached to transverse reinforcing means, at least one marker disposed on a guide wall or sleeve, the marker-separator being aligned with the marker or separated by a distance equal to or less than a predetermined safety value. The method for using the system comprises the steps of: positioning a separator and attaching a marker-separator to the transverse reinforcing means, positioning the marker on the guide wall or sleeve; aligning the marker-separator with the marker or positioning at a distance equal to or less than a predetermined safety value, when the asymmetrical reinforcement is placed inside the guide wall or sleeve.

A system for forming a piling structure includes a hollow casing, a control assembly positioned proximately to the hollow casing, and a pivoting support device connected to the control assembly. A pivoting electrode is connected to the pivoting support device and configured to extend into the hollow casing. A second electrode is connected to the control assembly and extends into the hollow casing within the range of motion of the pivoting electrode. An electric power source is connected to the pivoting electrode and the second electrode, wherein charge on the electrodes produces a current arc between the pivoting electrode and the second electrode. A lift mechanism is positioned proximately to the hollow casing to control the electrodes position within the hollow casing.

A system for forming a piling structure includes a hollow casing, a control assembly positioned proximately to the hollow casing, and a pivoting support device connected to the control assembly. A pivoting electrode is connected to the pivoting support device and configured to extend into the hollow casing. A second electrode is connected to the control assembly and extends into the hollow casing within the range of motion of the pivoting electrode. An electric power source is connected to the pivoting electrode and the second electrode, wherein charge on the electrodes produces a current arc between the pivoting electrode and the second electrode. A lift mechanism is positioned proximately to the hollow casing to control the electrodes position within the hollow casing.

A variable-diameter reinforcing cage for an anchor rod or pile foundation, comprising an axial rod (4), a plurality of vertical bars (2), at least two circular fixators (5) and several groups of ribs (3) which correspond to the circular fixators (5). The circular fixators (5) are all sleeved on the axial rod (4); one end of the ribs (3) is movably connected to the position of the vertical bars (2) at the same height, and the other end of the ribs (3) is movably connected to the circular fixators (5); annular hoops (6) are arranged on the periphery of the vertical bars (2) to serve as circles of latitude; fixing points are formed on the annular hoops (6) and the vertical bars (2); and the annular hoops (6) are annular spiral spring hoops of an elastic material or flexible steel wires.

A variable-diameter reinforcing cage for an anchor rod or pile foundation, comprising an axial rod (4), a plurality of vertical bars (2), at least two circular fixators (5) and several groups of ribs (3) which correspond to the circular fixators (5). The circular fixators (5) are all sleeved on the axial rod (4); one end of the ribs (3) is movably connected to the position of the vertical bars (2) at the same height, and the other end of the ribs (3) is movably connected to the circular fixators (5); annular hoops (6) are arranged on the periphery of the vertical bars (2) to serve as circles of latitude; fixing points are formed on the annular hoops (6) and the vertical bars (2); and the annular hoops (6) are annular spiral spring hoops of an elastic material or flexible steel wires.

A pile for stabilizing soil for building a structure thereon includes a casing having an upper end opposite a lower end, a shaft positioned inside the casing, the shaft having a first end proximal to the upper end of the casing and a second end proximal to the lower end of the casing, wherein the casing and the shaft are substantially coaxial; and a plate attached proximal to the upper end of the casing and holding the shaft inside the casing. Optionally, the plate has one or more grout holes to allow liquid grout to flow into the casing along the shaft, potentially increasing the stability of the pile in soil.

A pile for stabilizing soil for building a structure thereon includes a casing having an upper end opposite a lower end, a shaft positioned inside the casing, the shaft having a first end proximal to the upper end of the casing and a second end proximal to the lower end of the casing, wherein the casing and the shaft are substantially coaxial; and a plate attached proximal to the upper end of the casing and holding the shaft inside the casing. Optionally, the plate has one or more grout holes to allow liquid grout to flow into the casing along the shaft, potentially increasing the stability of the pile in soil.

A method and apparatus for forming cemented ground support columns is disclosed. Namely, driving mandrels are provided for the efficient construction of incrementally enlarged diameter support columns. For example, the driving mandrel includes a feed tube that has a top portion and an expansion head portion. The expansion head portion further includes an expansion (or compaction) chamber and a flexible tubular egress port. Further, construction methods are provided of using the driving mandrels for the efficient construction of incrementally enlarged diameter support columns.

Precast collars for screw type anchors that have a body made of a high strength composite or concrete material. The body having an opening to receive an anchor base head portion of an anchor so that a structure to be supported by the anchor is in direct contact with the anchor.