A post-tensioned tube foundation for supporting a structure subject to high upset forces is described herein. The post-tensioned tube foundation includes an outer CMP positioned within an excavated hole. A foundation plug is positioned within the cavity of the outer CMP and extends across the bottom of the excavated hole. An inner CMP is positioned within the cavity of the outer CMP such that an annular space is defined between the inner CMP and the outer CMP. A tubular concrete base is positioned within the gap defined between the inner CMP and the outer CMP. A void forming element is positioned within the gap defined between the inner CMP and adjacent the top surface of the foundation plug.

A membrane-lined wall for levee reinforcement or leak prevention, prevention of water migration, and pollution control of impoundments. The membrane-lined wall generally includes a cementitious or concrete wall formed within an excavated trench. The concrete may be internally reinforced, and the wall may also comprise a double-layer of impermeable geomembrane liner that forms a barrier between the concrete and the sides and bottom of the trench. The membrane or liner reduces water migration, prevents levee leakage, and prevents the escape of contaminants in impoundments.

Disclosed is a nesting element for use in a hollow pile. The nesting element is configured to be retained at an opening defined in a wall of the pile. The nesting element comprises a surface that is configured such that, in use, the surface substantially conforms to an internal profile at a transverse cross-section of the pile. Also disclosed are a pile system that employs one or more nesting elements in one or more respective piles, and an installation system for installing the pile system into the ground. Additionally, a method of constructing a retaining wall using the pile system and installation system is disclosed.

A box type duct with circumferential obtuse angle connection. Unit plates respectively located on the upper, lower and two side surfaces are spliced in the circumferential direction to form a unit pipe section, and the unit pipe sections are spliced in the axial direction to form a box type duct; wherein the unit plate is an arc-shaped corrugated plate arched to the outside of the box type duct, and the adjacent unit plates form an obtuse angle of circumferential connection. The cross section of the duct is in an approximately rectangular box shape, so the utilization ratio of clearance of the duct is high; the unit plate adopts an arc-shaped structure, and by utilizing the pipe-soil joint stressing principle, the strength and bearing capacity of the overall structure are maximized; and the box type duct adopts flat flange or angle steel flange connection in the circumferential direction.

A post foundation system is provided. The system has a shaft with a helical disk attached to one end and a post support attached to the other end. The helical disk drives the shaft into the ground as a rotational force is applied to the shaft. A fin section is rotatably coupled about the shaft between its first and second ends. The fin section can have one or more fins extending outwardly from the shaft. The fin section engages the ground to stabilize the post foundation system as the shaft of the post foundation system is driven into the ground.

A king pile for a combined wall system includes a first flange, a second flange, and a web. The first flange has a first flange body that is a generally rectangular plate having a first edge, a second edge, and a face. A first king pile interlock is formed integrally with the first flange body at the first edge, and a second king pile interlock is formed integrally with the first flange body at the second edge. The king pile includes a second flange having a second flange body, the second flange body being a generally rectangular plate having a face. The king pile also includes a web. The web may be a generally rectangular plate that is coupled to the face of the first flange body and the face of the second flange body. The first flange, second flange, and web may be formed separately and coupled by welding.

A building element for coupling with other building elements to erect a retaining wall. Exemplary building elements have receiving spaces for receiving increased weight of fill material to provide increased stability. Optionally, each building element can have an enlarged face profile that provides efficiency in the shipping and assembly process. Optionally, each building element can define alignment voids that receive portions of alignment posts for ensuring vertical alignment between adjacent building elements or portions of building elements.

A post foundation system is provided. The system has a shaft with a helical disk attached to one end and a post support attached to the other end. The helical disk drives the shaft into the ground as a rotational force is applied to the shaft. A fin section is rotatably coupled about the shaft between its first and second ends. The fin section can have one or more fins extending outwardly from the shaft. The fin section engages the ground to stabilize the post foundation system as the shaft of the post foundation system is driven into the ground.

A membrane-lined wall for levee reinforcement or leak prevention, prevention of water migration, and pollution control of impoundments. The membrane-lined wall generally includes a cementitious or concrete wall formed within an excavated trench. The concrete may be internally reinforced, and the wall may also comprise a double-layer of impermeable geomembrane liner that forms a barrier between the concrete and the sides and bottom of the trench. The membrane or liner reduces water migration, prevents levee leakage, and prevents the escape of contaminants in impoundments.

The Open End Friction Pile comprises of four steel plates, four brackets, and one driving head. The steel plates have a first bend line and a second bend line that are equidistant from a distal end. The first bend line and second bend line of the steel plates are equidistant from each other creating a center portion. The brackets have a first bend line and a second bend line that are equidistant from a distal end. The first bend line and second bend line of the brackets are equidistant from each other creating a center portion. The bracket has a third bend line along the center portion. One bracket is connected to one steel plate along the distal ends and center portion. All four steel plates and four brackets concurrently connect along the distal ends to form two open-ends. A driving head is connected covering the top open-end.