Aspects described herein are directed to compositions, systems, and methods of manufacturing a polymer-based construction material comprising polymeric resin and filler such as calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3). A surface of the polymer-based construction material may be treated such that the surface energy is increased from the material's inherent value to a predetermined value of at least 40 dynes/cm.sup.2. Further, the surface energy of the treated surface may persist within 20% of the predetermined value for at least three days.

Aspects described herein are directed to compositions, systems, and methods of manufacturing a polymer-based construction material comprising polymeric resin, filler such as calcium carbonate (CaCO.sub.3), and titanium oxide (TiO.sub.2). A surface of the polymer-based construction material may be treated such that the surface energy is increased from the material's inherent value to a predetermined value of at least 40 dynes/cm.sup.2. Further, the surface energy of the treated surface may persist within 20% of the predetermined value for at least three days.

A rapidly deployable cleanroom is constructed from multiple modular building sections that are side-by-side and have similarly sized lengths, as well as user-accessible panels in multiple of them for air, water, power, networking, and other utilities at a similar internal location along their lengths. The utility panels can be standardized such that each panel is substantially identical to one another. The modular building sections can be drawn together using tension cables within lateral hollow extruded structural tubes beneath and/or above the cleanroom, the tension system utilizing jackscrews to pull everything tight. Because the utility panels are at the same longitudinal location in the building sections, the joined structure and resulting open space “ballroom” style cleanroom has the utility panels aligned with each other inside the cleanroom.

A tile setting structure comprises a floor panel and a plurality of wall panels each attached to either the floor panel or one of the other wall panels with a waterproof caulk. Each of the wall panels includes a first rigid layer, a second rigid layer attached to the first rigid layer by a thinset mortar, and a waterproofing layer formed of a flexible material and attached to the second rigid layer by the thinset mortar.

A modular commercial structure includes a first exterior module defining a first interior space therein in which office furnishings are disposed in the first interior space. The first exterior module has an interior elongated side that defines an opening for customers to access to the first interior space. A second exterior module defines a second interior space for conducting business activities therein, including an interior elongated side that opens to facilitate interaction between the customers and employees. A conveyance mechanism moves the first exterior module and the second exterior module between a first position and a second position to prevent access to the first interior space and to the second interior space while in the first position and to provide access to the first interior space and to the second interior space while in the second position.

A modular building unit for construction of a building comprises a structural frame 40 suitable for interconnection to another modular building unit in construction of the building; and a stud frame wall 80/82 internal to and fixed to the frame. The modular building unit is suitable for handling as a shipping container for transport.

A booth includes a replaceable side wall that surrounds an internal space to be used by a user, and the side wall is provided with at least one entrance/exit door.

A building assembly system that comprises thermoformed high density polyethylene molded components filled with high density polyurethane foam. The molded components are configured in a cube or triangle form and secured against a steel frame to provide a habitable constructed unit. The composition of the high density polyethylene molded components filled with high density polyurethane foam meets standards for the American Society for Testing and Materials for a habitable structure used by humans. The habitable structure can be used on land or water.

A booth includes a replaceable side wall that surrounds an internal space to be used by a user, and the side wall is provided with at least one entrance/exit door.

A modular building unit for construction of a building comprises a structural frame 40 suitable for interconnection to another modular building unit in construction of the building; and a stud frame wall 80/82 internal to and fixed to the frame. The modular building unit is suitable for handling as a shipping container for transport.