The ionizer feedback control converts high-voltage signals to feedback signals to monitor the corresponding high-voltage signals and compares the feedback signals to a first specification to determine whether the feedback signals are within the first specification. The ionizer varies a frequency and a duty cycle of a digital signal to control an excitation signal for a step-up transformer and modulates the frequency and the duty cycle of a step-up transformer output voltage to consistently maintain the feedback signals within the first specification and maintain the high-voltage signals within a second specification to generate consistent ion concentrations over a range of electrical signal inputs. The microprocessor calculates and reports high-voltage signals, and ion concentrations based on feedback signals. The microprocessor monitors concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in an airflow serving the ionizer and adjusts the high-voltage signals and ion concentration when VOC concentrations are above a threshold.

An antimicrobial composition comprising extracts from a plurality of plants is provided. The plants are selected from the group consisting of woody plants; succulent plants; and/or grasses. The plurality of plants may include each of a woody plant; a succulent plant; and a grass. Also provided is a method of manufacturing an antimicrobial composition, the method including the step of combining extracts from a plurality of plants selected from the group consisting of woody plants, succulent plants, and/or grasses. A method of controlling a microorganism including the step of contacting the microorganism with the antimicrobial composition is further provided. The microorganism may be located within an air conditioning system.

An antibacterial device that includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, a second electrode on the substrate, and a protective layer covering the first electrode and the second electrode and having a first surface opposing of the substrate and a second surface opposite the first surface. Further, the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged such that the protective layer has an electric field strength on the second surface thereof of 150 kV/m or more when a voltage is applied to the first electrode or the second electrode.

The present invention relates to a duct module and a vehicle seat including a duct module. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the duct module includes a duct, an air intake module and a sterilization module. The duct may have a duct air passage formed therein and include a first rigid portion, a second rigid portion, and a flexible portion disposed between the first rigid portion and the second rigid portion. The air intake module may be connected to the first rigid portion of the duct and guide external air into the duct air passage. Further, the sterilization module may be disposed in the duct to emit sterilization light into the duct air passage. The duct air passage may be formed as an internal space of the first rigid portion, the second rigid portion and the flexible portion.

An UV-C device may include several UV-C light sources (e.g., UV-C LEDs) and such UV-C LEDs may have UV-C reflecting structures arranged to direct UV-C in a particular direction and at a particular size and shape. Doing so may, for example, increase the UV-C in a particular direction or working area. A UV-C generating device may be utilized in an air stream, such as an air duct, to sterilize air from that air stream. Multiple UV-C inactivation devices may be coupled in series and placed into a single housing for in order to increase the efficacy of the UV-C inactivation device. The inlet of the device may draw air using an inlet module attachment (e.g., a hood with one or more than one inlet hood) and may output air using an outlet module attachment (e.g., a duct to deliver air to an outflow air duct). Computational fluid dynamic software may be provided where UV-C inactivation devices may be positioned (e.g., manually or autonomously by an adaptive algorithm) to determine impact on airflow against various pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus and/or SARS-CoV-2).

An ion generator, a fan coil unit and an air conditioning system. The ion generator includes: a power module; a negative plate connected to the power module; a ground plate spaced apart from a first side of the negative plate, the first side of the negative plate includes a plurality of plasma needles extending toward the ground plate; a positive plate spaced apart from a second side of the negative plate, the positive plate is connected to the power module and has a polarity opposite to that of the negative plate, and the respective sides of the negative plate and the positive plate that are facing toward each other are respectively provided with a plurality of carbon fiber brushes at corresponding positions.

A system for eradicating pathogens is disclosed. A lamp is provided that emits a far-ultraviolet C (far-UVC) light generates an irradiation zone. A biometric sensor determines whether an individual is present in the irradiation zone. The biometric sensor signals a processor to determine whether the individual has been exposed to a threshold limit of far-UVC light. The processor determines whether the time an individual has been in the irradiation zone exceeds a threshold limit. If the individual has been in the irradiation zone a period of time exceeds the threshold, the lamp is deactivated. A pathogen detection sensor provides user feedback of the existence pathogens and signals the processor to terminate irradiation or provide user feedback to terminate irradiation. The system and method are included in a passenger compartment of a vehicle to eradicate pathogens on surfaces and aerosol. Threshold limits allow eradication while the vehicle is occupied.

In various embodiments, an air purifier capable of destroying and deactivating airborne contaminants such as SARS-CoV-2 is described. The air purifier comprises a photocatalytic system comprising at least one photoactivated semiconductor photocatalyst and a lamp configured to irradiate and excite the at least one photoactivated semiconductor photocatalyst to generate reductive and/or oxidative reactive species from oxygen and/or water on the photocatalyst surface. In various embodiments, the photocatalytic system comprises a stack of PCB cards, each card having a photocatalytic layer disposed thereon, or a 3-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3-DOM) structure comprising an open cell lattice.

The present disclosure relates to an air conditioning system and method for disinfection of a public facility. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to an air conditioning system and method for disinfection of a public facility capable of sterilizing or inactivating bio-aerosols existing in interior space by using the air conditioning equipment installed in the public facility structures.

An improved technology for inactivation of viruses, for example the SARS-CoV-2 virus that is causing the Covid-19 pandemic, is described. The technology can include a device that includes a substrate coated in a polymer that is infused with a pathogen inactivating material. In various embodiments, at a given time, a portion of the pathogen inactivating material is exposed to the environment, and the device is configured to periodically or intermittently expose additional pathogen inactivating material to the environment. For example, the polymer can be ablative or sacrificial.