A valve arrangement for supplying air to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a first valve, the first valve including a first valve head, a first valve stem assembly and an internal cavity, which is at least partly located in the first valve stem assembly, and a second valve partly arranged within the internal cavity of the first valve, the second valve including a second valve head and a second valve stem assembly, and being movable within the internal cavity between an upper, closed position and a lower, open position, wherein a junction seal extends over a junction between the first valve stem assembly and the second valve stem assembly when the second valve is in the closed position. A leakage preventing arrangement is arranged to hinder leakage of liquid from the outside of the junction seal from reaching in between the first valve stem assembly and the second salve stem assembly.

A valve arrangement for supplying air to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine includes a first valve, the first valve including a first valve head, a first valve stem assembly and an internal cavity, which is at least partly located in the first valve stem assembly, and a second valve partly arranged within the internal cavity of the first valve, the second valve including a second valve head and a second valve stem assembly, and being movable within the internal cavity between an upper, closed position and a lower, open position, wherein a junction seal extends over a junction between the first valve stem assembly and the second valve stem assembly when the second valve is in the closed position. A leakage preventing arrangement is arranged to hinder leakage of liquid from the outside of the junction seal from reaching in between the first valve stem assembly and the second salve stem assembly.

Internal combustion engines having non-circular, preferably rectangular, cross-section pistons and cylinders are disclosed. The pistons may include a skirt with a field of pockets that provide a ringless, non-lubricated, seal equivalent. The pistons also may have a domed piston head with depressions thereon to facilitate the movement of air/charge in the cylinder. The engines also may use multi-stage poppet valves in lieu of conventional poppet valves, and a split crankshaft. The engines may use the pumping motion of the engine piston to supercharge the cylinder with air/charge. The engines also may operate in an inverted orientation in which the piston is closer to the local gravitationally dominant terrestrial body's center of gravity at top dead center position than at bottom dead center position.

Internal combustion engines having multi-stage telescoping poppet valves in lieu of conventional poppet valves are disclosed. The engines may have pistons with a skirt with a field of pockets that provide a ringless, non-lubricated, seal equivalent. The piston heads may include one or more depressions and may be domed to facilitate the movement of air/charge in the cylinder. The engines may also have non-circular, preferably rectangular, cross-section pistons and cylinders. The engines also may include a split crankshaft. The engines may use the pumping motion of the engine piston to supercharge the cylinder with air/charge. The engines also may operate in an inverted orientation in which the piston is closer to the local gravitationally dominant terrestrial body's center of gravity at top dead center position than at bottom dead center position.

Internal combustion engines having a split crankshaft are disclosed. The engines may also have non-circular, preferably rectangular, cross-section pistons and cylinders. The pistons may include a skirt with a field of pockets that provide a ringless, non-lubricated, seal equivalent. The pistons also may have a domed piston head with depressions thereon to facilitate the movement of air/charge in the cylinder. The engines also may use multi-stage poppet valves in lieu of conventional poppet valves. The engines may use the pumping motion of the engine piston to supercharge the cylinder with air/charge. The engines also may operate in an inverted orientation in which the piston is closer to the local gravitationally dominant terrestrial body's center of gravity at top dead center position than at bottom dead center position.

Internal combustion engines that use the pumping motion of the engine pistons to supercharge the cylinder with air/charge are disclosed. The pistons may include a skirt with a field of pockets that provide a ringless, non-lubricated, seal equivalent. The piston heads may be domed with one or more depressions to facilitate the movement of air/charge in the cylinder. The engines also may have non-circular, preferably rectangular, cross-section pistons and cylinders. The engines also may use multi-stage poppet valves in lieu of conventional poppet valves, and may include a split crankshaft. The engines also may operate in an inverted orientation in which the piston is closer to the local gravitationally dominant terrestrial body's center of gravity at top dead center position than at bottom dead center position.

A valve arrangement for supplying air to an internal combustion engine includes a first valve and a second valve arranged within the first valve. A valve guide for use in a valve arrangement is also provided.

A valve arrangement for supplying air to an internal combustion engine includes a first valve and a second valve arranged within the first valve. A valve guide for use in a valve arrangement is also provided.

A dosing valve includes at least a valve housing with a duct, a valve body being movable in order to open and close the dosing valve and a spring exerting a spring force on the valve body and thus holding the valve body in a rest position. The spring is supported on at least one calibration body. The valve body, the spring and the at least one calibration body are disposed in the duct. The at least one calibration body is fastened in the valve housing at least by using a cohesive or material connection. A method for producing the dosing valve and a motor vehicle having the dosing valve are also provided.

An internal combustion engine (10) includes at least one cylinder (12) having a piston, and a cylinder head containing an inlet duct (3) incorporating an inlet valve 1 to allow flow in only one direction and an exhaust duct incorporating no mechanical flow restricting device and at least one chamber valve (2) through which both inlet and exhaust fluids pass from the ducts (3,4) into and out of the cylinder (12), and a combustion chamber (6) in the cylinder (12) that allows the chamber valve (2) to be significantly open when the piston (5) is at top dead centre enabling a transfer of fluid, fluid flow pressure and pressure waves between the cylinder, and the inlet (3) and exhaust ducts (4).