A method for predicting urea crystal build-up in an engine system when operating according to an intended drive cycle. The method includes providing data representing engine operational conditions for the internal combustion engine during the intended drive cycle, wherein the data comprises values for at least engine speed and engine torque distributed over a time period representing the intended drive cycle; determining values and time variation for at least one exhaust parameter during the time period of the intended drive cycle when the engine system is operated according to the engine operational condition data; providing a reference relation between values and time variation for the at least one exhaust parameter and an expected urea crystal build-up in the engine system when operating the engine system at different engine operational conditions, predicting urea crystal build-up in the engine system when operating according to the intended drive cycle by comparing the determined values and time variation for the at least one exhaust parameter with the reference relation.

A method for predicting soot build-up in an engine system when operating according to an intended drive cycle. The engine system includes an internal combustion engine and an exhaust gas aftertreatment system provided with a particulate filter. The method includes providing data representing engine operational conditions for the internal combustion engine during the intended drive cycle, wherein the data comprises values for at least engine speed and engine torque distributed over a time period representing the intended drive cycle; determining a working temperature for the exhaust gas aftertreatment system during the intended drive cycle based on the data representing the engine operational conditions; providing a reference relation between working temperature of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system and a corresponding estimated magnitude of a build-up of soot in the exhaust gas aftertreatment system; and predicting soot build-up in the engine system when operating according to the intended drive cycle by comparing the determined working temperature for the exhaust gas aftertreatment system with the reference relation.

An exhaust aftertreatment system for increasing fractional efficiency of diesel or gasoline particulate filters includes a particulate filter that includes a housing and a filter substrate positioned in the housing. The filter substrate is pre-conditioned with an aqueous solution or suspension configured to decompose or evaporate in response to exposure to heat so as to precondition the filter substrate.

Systems and methods for simulating gas flow dynamics of a real hydrogen fuel cell system using a computer, wherein the real hydrogen fuel cell system includes a gas container volume network having gas container volumes interconnected by gas transport lines. The method includes defining volume element and flow channel classes, defining a plurality of volume instances and a plurality of flow channel instances, for each flow channel instance, creating a first interconnection representation that defines a source container volume and a destination container volume for the flow channel instance, wherein the first interconnection representation mimics a portion of the gas container volume network of the real hydrogen fuel cell system, and simulating, using the first interconnection representation, a thermodynamic state for each of the volume instances, the thermodynamic state representing thermodynamic parameter(s) in each container volume of the gas container volume network of the real hydrogen fuel cell system.

An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas pathway configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, a first treatment element positioned within the exhaust gas pathway, the first treatment element including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) element, a first injector configured to selectively introduce ammonia gas into the exhaust gas pathway upstream of the first treatment element, a second injector configured to introduce diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the first treatment element, and a second treatment element positioned within the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the second injector, the second treatment element including a SCR element.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods for monitoring a catalyst health parameter are provided. A system includes one or more processing circuits having one or more memory devices coupled to one or more processors. The one or more memory devices store instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: receive information indicative of at least one of a temperature of exhaust gas entering the aftertreatment system, a time at idle, or a mass flow of exhaust gas; determine a catalyst health management criteria based on the information; determine a catalyst health indicator based on the catalyst health management criteria being met; compare the determined catalyst health indicator to a predetermined health threshold criteria; and provide a notification based on the determined catalyst health indicator being less than the predetermined health threshold criteria.

A temperature of a catalyst (EHC) is estimated with high accuracy. An electronic control device of the present invention controls an engine system that includes: an internal combustion engine; a motor capable of motoring the internal combustion engine; a catalyst that is installed in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, has a function of being heated by energization, and purifies exhaust gas; and a downstream temperature sensor installed on the downstream side of the catalyst. The electronic control device includes: a control unit that causes the motor to motor the internal combustion engine; and an estimation unit that performs a first estimation process of estimating a temperature of the catalyst based on detection information of the downstream temperature sensor when the internal combustion engine is motored.

A process is provided for regenerating an exhaust gas after-treatment device in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine arrangement, the exhaust line including a particle filter. The process includes identifying when soot loading of the particle filter exceeds a predetermined level. After that, temperature of exhaust gases at the particle filter is maintained within a first temperature range until at least one of a predetermined period of time has lapsed or a determination is made that soot loading of the particle filter is below the predetermined level. After that, the temperature of the exhaust gases at the particle filter is increased to within a second temperature range above the first temperature range. An internal combustion engine arrangement is also disclosed.

A method for controlling an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, wherein the system includes a first selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, a catalytic particulate filter arrangement arranged downstream of the first SCR device, and a second selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device arranged downstream of the catalytic particulate filter arrangement. The method includes estimating future exhaust conditions based upon predicted vehicle operating conditions (s403); —estimating a future NOx conversion demand based on the estimated future exhaust conditions (s405); —dosing a reducing agent from a first reducing agent dosing device at a rate based at least on the estimated future NOx conversion demand (s406).

Methods and systems are provided for an aftertreatment system. In one example, a method includes adjusting operation of an electric heating element based on an exhaust mass flow. The method further includes estimating the electric heating element based on the exhaust mass flow and a temperature of exhaust gas upstream of the electric heating element and downstream of a catalyst.