Various embodiments are described herein to reduce sound sensitivities, improve state regulation, and/or reduce auditory processing and social engagement deficits in individuals with such deficiencies by recruiting the anti-masking functions of the middle ear muscles in order to optimize the transfer function of the middle ear for the processing of human speech. In certain embodiments, an individual may be subjected to a training protocol comprising one or more training sessions. During each training session, acoustic stimuli are provided to a subject for a period of time, with or without accompanying visual stimulation. A user response may be determined, for example, before beginning the protocol, during a session, after a session, and/or upon completion of the protocol. Such user response may be employed to adjust the acoustic stimulation, and the adjusted acoustic stimulation may be provided to the subject during a subsequent training session (or at a subsequent time within the same training session). The training protocol may end after a predetermined number of training sessions or upon achieving a desired user response. The training session may be characterized by a fixed protocol during which continuous stimulation is presented for a fixed period of time or by an interactive protocol during which the stimulation presentation is dependent on the reactions of the subject.

A pressure safety device is used with a bag valve mask (BVM) for preventing over-pressurization. The BVM includes a bag assembly having a bag connector for detachably mating to a mask connector on a patient mask. The pressure safety device has a housing with a bag port, a mask fitting, and a flow path from the bag port to the mask fitting. The bag port detachably connects to the bag connector on the BVM, and the mask fitting detachably connects to the mask connector on the BVM. The pressure safety device includes an automatic flow reduction valve located on the flow path in the housing and impedes flow when pressure on a bag connector side of the valve exceeds a maximum threshold value.

An operating unit (2) sets ventilation parameters of a control unit (11) of a ventilator (1) that includes a gas dispensing device (10) for ventilation gases. The operating unit includes a display unit and an ventilation parameters input element (23, 24). Two or more of the parameters are linked via a relation condition stored in a relation storage module (40). A relation monitor (3) includes a deviation detector (31) detecting a transgression of the relation condition during parameter setting, and outputs warning information via a warning unit (32). This avoids a need for an operator to note the sometimes complicated connections and dependencies expressed in the relations during the parameter setting. The warning may be sent before the new setting value is sent from the operating unit to the control unit. Operating safety is increased and a risk of setting errors is minimized.

Disclosed catheter insertion systems enable the user to identify the location of the needle based on the electrical properties of subcutaneous tissue relative the electrical properties of other fluids such as blood or air. Disclosed systems can include one or more of the following features: 1) the catheter assembly is modular (e.g., the catheter can be connected and disconnected from the detection unit at will); 2) the detection unit employs an electrical circuit that allows for the discernment between subcutaneous tissue and blood; 3) the system assists the end user with catheter advancement. Some embodiments can be used to insert catheters into a spaces where the needle passes first through subcutaneous fat and muscle before entering fluid or air.

A test fixture for testing aerosol provision devices may include a housing, a plurality of testing modules disposed at the housing where each of the testing modules includes a cavity configured to receive a portion of an aerosol provision device, and processing circuitry operably coupled to the testing modules. Each of the testing modules may be configured to interface with an assembly of a respective one of the aerosol provision devices to transition the assembly between an initial state and a transitioned state during a functional test controlled by the processing circuitry. The processing circuitry may be configured to conduct the functional test of at least two of the testing modules simultaneously.

A monitoring device may include a housing, which may include a distal end, a proximal end, and a fluid pathway extending through the proximal end and distal end. The distal end may include a connector configured to couple to a catheter assembly. The monitoring device may include one or more sensors disposed within the fluid pathway. The sensors may facilitate identification of an occlusion within the catheter assembly.

An injection device comprises an acoustic sensor configured to detect environmental acoustic signals; an acoustic signal generator operable to generate an acoustic signal; and a controller configured to control the acoustic signal generator to generate an alert having acoustic properties that are selected based on the detected environmental acoustic signals. A feedback system comprises: a first device comprising an acoustic signal generator operable to generate an acoustic signal; and a second device comprising an acoustic sensor configured to detect environmental acoustic signals, and a controller configured to control the acoustic signal generator of the first device to generate an alert having acoustic properties that are selected based on the detected environmental acoustic signals and one of the first device and the second device is an injection device, and the other one of the first device and the second device is a mobile device or a controller device.

There is provided a method of detecting a fault in a breathing system. The method comprises the steps of (a) taking a series of measurements of a first parameter of the breathing system; and (b) setting a fault boundary for the first parameter, the fault boundary being dependent on a plurality of the measurements of the first parameter. The method further includes at least one update procedure comprising the steps of (c) taking one or more further measurements of the first parameter; and (d) updating the fault boundary, the updated fault boundary being dependent on an updated set of measurements of the first parameter, the updated set of measurements of the first parameter including at least one of the further measurements of the first parameter.

Microneedle patches and systems, and methods for use of such patches and systems. In one aspect, a microneedle patch is provided including a tab portion for handling the microneedle patch. In another aspect, a system is provided including a microneedle patch and a tray for housing the microneedle patch. In still another aspect, various indicators providing for providing feedback prior to, during, and after administration of the microneedle patch are provided. Advantageously, the described microneedle patches and systems provide improved handling and ease of application of the microneedle patches to skin for the delivery of therapeutic agents.

A device for administering needle-free subcutaneous treatment to a patient comprises an actuator configured to deliver a plurality of volumes of a treatment at a plurality of locations on a body of the patient; at least one imaging device configured to detect a movement of the needle-free device from a first location on the body of the patient to a second location on the body of the patient; and a processor configured to determine the second location on the body of the device relative to the first location from the movement of the needle-free device relative to the first location on the body, the processor further configured to determine a volume of the plurality of volumes of the treatment to deliver to the body of the patient at the second location.