Separation of carbon dioxide from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine, the production of hydrogen from water, and reformation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen into relatively high-octane fuel components.

Upon a predetermined first diagnosis execution condition being met, an electronic control unit executes a first diagnosis process of diagnosing whether an exhaust gas recirculation device has an abnormality based on an amount of change that a measured value of an intake air pressure undergoes as a result of a change in an EGR valve position. When a predetermined second diagnosis execution condition is met and, moreover, the first diagnosis process is not being executed, the electronic control unit executes a second diagnosis process of diagnosing whether an exhaust gas cleaning filter has a fracture based on measured values of an incoming gas temperature and an outgoing gas temperature.

An apparatus and methods are provided for an air cleaner to be mounted onto an air inlet of an internal combustion engine. The air cleaner comprises an air filter that includes a filter medium disposed between a curved base and a cover. The curved base provides an interface between the air filter and the air inlet, and comprises a shape that provides clearance between the curved base and an electric choke installed onto a carburetor comprising the air inlet. The cover secures the air filter and the curved base to the air inlet such that an airstream is drawn through the filter medium and is conducted into the air inlet. A raised portion of the cover is configured to cooperate with the curved base to ensure a desired volume of the airstream is available to the air inlet at substantially all engine speeds.

An HHO gas second fuel is produced in a pressure-resistant container and distributed at a low volumetric rate at multiple locations about the internal combustion engine.

Processes for making a fluid conduits and fluid conduits made thereby are disclosed. The fluid conduits include a mono-layer formed of at least 80 wt %, based on total weight of the mono-layer, of a thermoplastic elastomer in an amount of at least 80 wt % with respect to the total weight of the mono-layer. The thermoplastic elastomer is preferably a block copolymer elastomer formed of hard segments (e.g., polyesters, polyamides and/or polyurethanes) and soft segments (e.g., aliphatic polyethers, aliphatic polyesters and/or aliphatic polycarbonates) and exhibits a melt flow rate measured at 230° C. under a load of 10 kg (MFR 230° C./10 kg), according to ISO1133 (2011) of at most 40 g/10 min and having a heat resistance of at least 250 hours at 175° C. at which the elongation at break remains at least 100% as measured according to ISO 527 with a test speed of 50 mm/min.

The invention provides a system for ventilation of a crankcase (217) of an internal combustion engine, the system comprising—an air inlet guide (203, 212) adapted to guide air to at least one cylinder (220) of the engine,—a closed circuit conduit (209) for guiding crankcase gas from the crankcase (217) to the air inlet guide (203, 212),—wherein the system comprises gas detection means (2181, 2182, 2183) positioned in the air inlet guide (203, 212), for detecting crankcase gas in the air inlet guide.

Systems and methods are disclosed for an air intake assembly comprising an airbox defining a plenum for enclosing an air filter, an intake tube attached to the air filter at a first end of the intake tube, the intake tube having a shoulder, and a multi-lipped gasket for detachably connecting the intake tube to the airbox, the multi-lipped gasket comprising a body portion defining a bore for sealingly engaging the intake tube, a lip adjacent the bore for engaging the shoulder of the intake tube, and a pair of distal lips for sealingly engaging the airbox, wherein the airbox, the air filter, and the intake tube are adapted so that air flows into the airbox, through the air filter, through the intake tube, and into a combustion engine (optionally reaching the combustion engine by first passing through a turbocharger and intercooler) of a vehicle.

The present invention relates to an intake system for natural gas engine. An intake system for an engine is provided. A conduit is configured to direct a combustible mixture to a cylinder head. A mixing unit is coupled to the conduit. The mixing unit includes a fuel doser configured to dispense fuel into the conduit and a first mixer positioned downstream of the fuel doser. The first mixer is configured to mix air and the fuel. The mixing unit further includes a exhaust gas doser configured to dispense exhaust gas into the conduit and a second mixer positioned downstream of the exhaust gas doser. The second mixer is configured to mix the exhaust gas with the air and the fuel to make the combustible mixture. An air intake throttle is configured to direct the air into the mixing unit.

A vehicle includes a fuel tank and an evaporative-emissions system having a primary subsystem and an auxiliary subsystem. The primary subsystem has a fuel-vapor canister in fluid communication with the fuel tank to capture fuel vapors of the fuel tank. The auxiliary subsystem is configured to capture fuel vapors associated with an external fuel-storage device. The auxiliary subsystem has an auxiliary port located on an exterior of the vehicle and is configured to connect with the external fuel-storage device. The auxiliary port is selectively connected in fluid communication with the fuel-vapor canister by a valve.

A method of operating a dual fuel engine includes conveying intake air, and a first fuel as a vapor and as a liquid, into a combustion cylinder in an engine, and directly injecting a second fuel into the combustion cylinder to form a first combustion charge of the first fuel as a vapor and as a liquid, the second fuel, and intake air. The second fuel is ignited to initiate combustion of the first combustion charge. Operating the dual fuel engine further includes varying at least one of, a vapor proportion of the first fuel or a total proportion of the first fuel, in a subsequent combustion charge to mitigate undesired combustion. The first fuel can include a liquid alcohol fuel. The second fuel can include a liquid compression-ignition fuel. Related apparatus and control logic is also disclosed.