An injection nozzle for a needleless injection device includes at least one outlet conduit extending parallel to an injection axis (B). The outlet conduit(s) include a first conduit portion having a first section, a second conduit portion having a second section, the first section being larger than the second section, and a connecting portion between the first conduit portion and the second conduit portion. The connecting portion is inclined at an angle between 70° and 90° with respect to the injection axis (B).

The present invention generally relates to hemodialysis and similar dialysis systems, including a variety of systems and methods that would make hemodialysis more efficient, easier, and/or more affordable. One aspect of the invention is generally directed to new fluid circuits for fluid flow. In one set of embodiments, a hemodialysis system may include a blood flow path and a dialysate flow path, where the dialysate flow path includes one or more of a balancing circuit, a mixing circuit, and/or a directing circuit. Preparation of dialysate by the preparation circuit, in some instances, may be decoupled from patient dialysis. In some cases, the circuits are defined, at least partially, within one or more cassettes, optionally interconnected with conduits, pumps, or the like. In one embodiment, the fluid circuit and/or the various fluid flow paths may be at least partially isolated, spatially and/or thermally, from electrical components of the hemodialysis system. In some cases, a gas supply may be provided in fluid communication with the dialysate flow path and/or the dialyzer that, when activated, is able to urge dialysate to pass through the dialyzer and urge blood in the blood flow path back to the patient. Such a system may be useful, for example, in certain emergency situations (e.g., a power failure) where it is desirable to return as much blood to the patient as possible. The hemodialysis system may also include, in another aspect of the invention, one or more fluid handling devices, such as pumps, valves, mixers, or the like, which can be actuated using a control fluid, such as air. In some cases, the control fluid may be delivered to the fluid handling devices using an external pump or other device, which may be detachable in certain instances. In one embodiment, one or more of the fluid handling devices may be generally rigid (e.g., having a spheroid shape), optionally with a diaphragm contained within the device, dividing it into first and second compartments.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus for delivering a powdered agent into a subject's body may include a powder chamber housing the powdered agent. The apparatus also may include a chassis in fluid connection with the powder chamber. The chassis may include a first passage for receiving a pressurized gas, a second passage for receiving the powdered agent from the powder chamber, and a junction in fluid communication with the first passage and the second passage. At least a first portion of the pressurized gas is introduced into the powdered agent at the junction to fluidize the powdered agent.

Systems and methods for generating nitric oxide are disclosed. A nitric oxide (NO) generation system includes at least one pair of electrodes configured to generate a product gas containing NO from a flow of a reactant gas; and a controller configured to regulate the amount of nitric oxide in the product gas produced by the at least one pair of electrodes by utilizing duty cycle values of plasma pulses selected from a plurality of discrete duty cycles to produce a target rate of NO production based on an average of discrete production rates associated with each of the plurality of discrete duty cycles.

A pen-like syringe system includes: a syringe holder for receiving a syringe having a syringe barrel and a plunger guided for movement in the barrel; and a drive housing connected to the syringe holder. To provide an ergonomic syringe system which allows advantageous operation of the system and guarantees safe and focused injection or drawing of a substance the drive housing includes an electric delivery device operated by an integrated power supply for applying pneumatic pressure or negative pressure to the plunger, with the delivery device connected via a drive channel to the plunger and actuatable by a button arranged on the syringe system; and the pen-like syringe system has a vent duct with a first end, which is connected to the drive channel, and a second end, which is connected to the surroundings via an opening, with the opening closable by pressing the button.

In one aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus for delivering a powdered agent into a subject's body may include a powder chamber housing the powdered agent. The apparatus also may include a chassis in fluid connection with the powder chamber. The chassis may include a first passage for receiving a pressurized gas, a second passage for receiving the powdered agent from the powder chamber, and a junction in fluid communication with the first passage and the second passage. At least a first portion of the pressurized gas is introduced into the powdered agent at the junction to fluidize the powdered agent.

A therapeutic agent delivery system comprises a housing. A therapeutic agent delivery assembly is carried by the housing. The therapeutic agent delivery assembly comprises a chamber having a passageway. A therapeutic agent is carried in the passageway, and a needle is in communication with the passageway. The therapeutic agent delivery assembly may be translatable relative to the housing from a stowed configuration to a deployed configuration. Actuation of a user input may translate the therapeutic agent delivery assembly from the stowed configuration to the deployed configuration. An input restraint may be rotatable relative to the housing from a first rotational configuration to a second rotational configuration. In the first rotational configuration the input restraint may inhibit actuation of the user input, and in the second rotational configuration the input restraint may permit actuation of the user input.

Hemodialysis systems are described. A hemodialysis system may include a dialysate flow path through which dialysate is passed from a dialysate reservoir, which includes a valved vent to atmosphere, to an ultrafilter. The dialysate flow path includes a pneumatically actuated diaphragm-based dialysate pump for pumping fluid from the dialysate reservoir to the ultrafilter. The hemodialysis system may include a controller for controlling pneumatic actuation pressure delivered to the dialysate pump and at least one valve connecting the dialysate reservoir vent to the atmosphere. The hemodialysis system may be configured to actuate the dialysate pump and the at least one valve to introduce air into the dialysate flow path and expel liquid from the dialysate flow path to a drain.

A device for controlled delivery of an injection material to tissue spaces of an eye that are not normally open, such as the subconjunctival space, the suprachoroidal space and the subretinal space. The device comprises an elongated body with a hollow cannula at the distal end, a slidable plunger at the proximal end, and a reservoir for the material to be injected residing between the cannula and the plunger. The plunger is mechanically coupled to a source of force such as a spring or pressurized gas reservoir such that an injection force is applied to the injection material within the device prior to delivery of the injection material into an eye. A valve that is normally closed to prevent flow of the injection material during application of the injection force is placed in the flow path between the cannula and reservoir. Due to the injection force placed on the injection material, actuation of the valve allows controlled flow from the reservoir through the cannula and into the tissue space.

Ingestible devices with a relatively large payload volume or sample volume, as well as related components, systems and methods, are disclosed.