Engines, systems, devices, software, and methods of the present invention provide increased fuel efficiency and emission performance. The engine may include a magnesium alloy cast engine block cast as a mono-block with or without a ceramic inner core and including one or more cylinders designed to provide compression ratio of 10:1 to 14:1. Each cylinder may include one or more laser igniters, one or more supercritical fuel injectors configured to inject the fuel near or in a supercritical state, and carbon dioxide, which may be in the form of engine exhaust gas. The fuel may be diesel, gasoline, or other suitable hydrocarbons that may be cracked into smaller molecules prior to be injected into the cylinder.

A flow path component assembly includes a support structure. A flow path component has a plurality of segments that are arranged circumferentially about an axis and are mounted in the support structure by a carrier. At least one of the segments have a first wall axially spaced from a second wall. The first wall has first and second hooks spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction. The second wall has third and fourth hooks spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction. The first, second, third, and fourth hooks are in engagement with the carrier.

Screw compressor element provided with a housing wherein a rotor is rotatably arranged by way of two bearings, respectively being a cylinder bearing (3) and a ball bearing (4), each provided with an inner ring (5, 6) and an outer ring (7, 8), separated by respectively cylindrical, or ball-shaped rolling elements (9, 10) that contact the inner ring (5, 6) and the outer ring (7, 8) at the location of a raceway (11a, 11b, 12a, 12b), characterised in that, next to the respective raceway (11a, 12a), the inner rings (5, 6) of the aforementioned bearings (3, 4) have a smaller outer diameter (B) than the respective raceway (11a, 12a) on the side facing the other bearing (3, 4) and in that next; to the respective raceway (11a, 12a), the inner rings (5, 6) of the bearings have a greater outer diameter (C, D) than the respective raceway (11a, 11b) on the side facing away from the other bearing (3, 4).

A flow path component assembly includes a support structure. A flow path component has a plurality of segments that are arranged circumferentially about an axis and are mounted in the support structure by a carrier. At least one of the segments have a first wall axially spaced from a second wall. The first wall has first and second hooks spaced apart from one another in a circumferential direction. The second wall has third and fourth hooks spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction. The first, second, third, and fourth hooks are in engagement with the carrier.

A thermal barrier coating for an internal combustion engine includes an insulating thermal spray coating, where a chosen material of the insulating thermal spray coating has a thermal conductivity lower than 2 W/mK in fully dense form and the chosen material includes a coefficient of thermal expansion within 5 ppm/K of a coefficient of thermal expansion of a material of a component of the internal combustion engine upon which the coating is placed.

A refrigerant compressor reserves lubricating oil in a sealed container, and accommodates therein an electric component, and a compression component which is driven by the electric component and compresses a refrigerant. At least one of slide members included in the compression component is made of an iron-based material, and an oxide coating film comprising a composition A portion, a composition B portion, and a composition C portion is provided on a slide surface of the iron-based material. The composition A portion is a portion containing diiron trioxide (Fe.sub.2O.sub.3) which is more in quantity than other substances, and is, for example, an outermost portion (160a). The composition B portion is a portion containing triiron tetraoxide (Fe.sub.3O.sub.4) which is more in quantity than other substances and containing a silicon (Si) compound, and is, for example, an intermediate portion (160b). The composition C portion is a portion containing triiron tetraoxide (Fe.sub.3O.sub.4) which is more in quantity than other substances and containing silicon (Si) which is more in quantity than silicon (Si) of the composition B portion, and is, for example, an inner portion (160c).

A refrigerant compressor comprises an electric component; and a compression component which is driven by the electric component and compresses a refrigerant. At least one of slide members included in the compression component is made of an iron-based material. An oxide coating film (150) is provided on a slide surface of the iron-based material, the oxide coating film including a first portion (151), a second portion (152), and/or a third portion (153). The first portion (151) contains at least fine crystals (155). The second portion (152) contains columnar grains (156). The third portion (153) contains layered grains (157).

The disclosed technology includes pumps, pipes, valves, seals, and systems for pumping and controlling high temperature fluids, such as liquid tin, at temperatures of between 1000-3000 C. The systems and device may be partially or entirely constructed using brittle materials, such as ceramics, that are capable of withstanding extreme heat without significantly degrading, and may be secured using components made of refractory metals, such as tungsten. The systems and devices may utilize static and dynamic seals made from brittle materials, such as graphite, to enable the high temperature operation of such pumps, pipes, valves, and systems without leakage.

A fluid gear pump gear arranged to rotate about a first axis includes a concentrically disposed first hub portion and a plurality of first teeth radially projecting and circumferentially spaced about the first hub portion, the first hub portion and the first teeth being formed of a ceramic material. The gear also includes a first shaft on which the first hub portion is carried.

Engines, systems, devices, software, and methods of the present invention provide increased fuel efficiency and emission performance. The engine may include a magnesium alloy cast engine block cast as a mono-block with or without a ceramic inner core and including one or more cylinders designed to provide compression ratio of 10:1 to 14:1. Each cylinder may include one or more laser igniters, one or more supercritical fuel injectors configured to inject the fuel near or in a supercritical state, and carbon dioxide, which may be in the form of engine exhaust gas. The fuel may be diesel, gasoline, or other suitable hydrocarbons that may be cracked into smaller molecules prior to be injected into the cylinder.