A sliding spline shaft device of the present invention includes a male spline and a female spline that is fitted to the male spline in an axially slidable manner, and at least one of the splines has a surface processed layer. The surface processed layer includes an undercoat layer, an intermediate layer containing phosphate, and a topcoat layer containing solid lubricant, in this order. The undercoat layer contains iron nitride and/or iron carbide. Thus, the surface of a base material has high hardness. As a result, microscopic deformation of the sliding surface is reduced, and increase in a real contact area is suppressed, whereby stick-slip is prevented.

A drive mechanism having a drive motor that rotatably drives a threaded spindle against a specific braking force generated by a pretensioned spring of a friction brake arrangement. The drive motor and the threaded spindle are arranged coaxially in a housing tube of the drive mechanism, and components of the friction brake arrangement are arranged in a tubular brake housing, which is arranged in an axially and rotationally fixed in the housing tube. A first end of the brake housing has one or more radially inwardly directed first stop shoulders and at a second end of the brake housing has one or more radially inwardly directed second stop shoulders. The brake housing has at its first end a radially circumferential ring with one or more radially resilient spring arms extending axially toward the second end, at the free ends of which spring arms are arranged the second stop shoulders.

A haptic operator control device for a motor vehicle has a magnetorheological brake with a brake component that is fixed to a holder and a brake component that is continuously rotatable relative to the fixed brake component. A first of the brake components extends in an axial direction and has a magnetically conductive core which extends in the axial direction, and a second brake component has a hollow shell part that encircles the first brake component. An encircling gap between the brake components is filled with a magnetorheological medium. An electrical coil is accommodated in the brake housing. At least one star contour with magnetic field concentrators formed thereon is arranged between the shell part and the core. The magnetic field concentrators project radially into the gap to define a varying gap height in a region of the star contour.

A friction material includes a friction-generating layer and a base layer. The base layer includes base fibers and presents a bonding surface. The friction-generating layer includes friction-adjusting particles deposited on the base layer and presents a friction-generating surface facing opposite the bonding surface of the base layer. A curable resin is present in the friction-generating layer and the base layer. The friction material also includes a composition including a plurality of triglycerides. The composition is present in at least one of the friction-generating layer and the base layer. The plurality of triglycerides comprises polyunsaturated fatty acid in a content of from 60 to 90% by weight based on a total weight of the plurality of triglycerides included in the composition.

A series elastic actuator includes a gear configured to rotate, a mounting recess formed on a first surface of the gear, a plurality of elastic bodies configured to be received in the mounting recess that are made of a non-metal elastic material and spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction, an output body configured to cover the first surface of the gear, and at least one insertion portion configured to protrude from the output body to be inserted between a pair of adjacent elastic bodies or inserted through the elastic bodies.

In some examples, a brake disc assembly including a single continuous core portion defining a core of the brake disc assembly; and a friction portion adjacent the core portion. The friction portion defines the friction surface of the brake disc assembly during a braking operation. The friction portion includes a carbon composite material. The core portion includes a core material that is not a carbon composite material, and the core portion is configured as a heat sink for the brake disc assembly for heat generated during the braking operation.

The synchronizer may have a hub provided with external teeth. An actuating sleeve may be provided with internal teeth meshing with the external teeth of the hub. At least one synchronizing ring may be provided with external teeth arranged to mesh with the internal teeth of the actuating sleeve and has, on its radially internal side, a friction surface arranged to cooperate with a friction surface associated to a respective gear wheel to allow generation of a friction torque between the synchronizing ring and the associated gear wheel. A pre-synchronization system may have more than two blocking elements operatively placed between the hub and the actuating sleeve. A phasing system may be provided to ensure a given angular positioning of the synchronizing ring with respect to the hub about the longitudinal axis. The phasing system may have a plurality of first cavities provided on an internal cylindrical surface of a ring gear of the hub forming the external teeth of the hub, each of the first cavities having an arc- or round-shaped cross-section, in particular a semi-circular cross-section.

A torsion damper disposed inside a coil spring is disclosed. The torsion damper includes a body and a groove. The body is made of resin. Besides, the body has a columnar shape. The groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the body.

Disclosed is a brake system for a railway vehicle, including linings each having at least one positioning member for mechanically fastening the linings in a predetermined position on the system with respect to a disc of the vehicle and a bearing face for tightly gripping the disc under the action of an actuator of the system, and at least one return member for separating the linings from the disc in order to release it when the linings are freed from the action of the actuator; each lining has at least one fastening member formed on an edge, the return member has two opposite end lugs connected to one another by an elastic portion and each mechanically fastened with a the fastening member, and the system is configured such that the fastening members and the end lugs are situated at a distance from the at least one positioning member.

A friction plate (1.sub.1) includes a plate (1A) with a disc shape and a friction material (F1, F2) that is fixed to aside face (1a) of the plate (1A). The friction material (F1, F2) is disposed so that one or both of an inner peripheral side and an outer peripheral side is nonuniform in an inner and outer peripheral direction with respect to a circumferential direction around a center (CT1) of the plate (1A). Thus, there is an increase in the amount of lubrication oil that is fed to a surface of friction material segments (F1, F2) and there is an increase in a separation force in an axial direction between a friction plate (1.sub.1) and a separator plate or an end plate.