An antifreeze is provided for deployment in wet sprinkler systems located in cold environments. The antifreezes allows for the wet sprinkler system to be actuated under temperatures below 32 F. Wet sprinklers, methods of preventing wet sprinklers from freezing and methods of extinguishing fires also are provided.

An aqueous fire sprinkler fluid containing a C.sub.4 or greater carboxylate salt for freezing point depression is described. The salts may be used in conjunction with glycols. The salts decrease the combustibility and give lower viscosity than higher glycol fluids, both benefitting fire sprinkler systems. These salt solutions are friendly to metal and CPVC pipes and are thus useful for fire sprinkler systems by not causing environmental stress cracking of the CPVC components and not being corrosive to the metal parts.

Environmentally-clean wildfire inhibitor liquid biochemical solutions produced from an aqueous mixture of alkali metal salt derived from a non-polymerized saturated carboxylic acid, and dissolved in water along with a dispersing and coalescing agent, realized as an ester of a non-polymerized saturated carboxylic acid, and dissolved in the water to provide a liquid fire inhibitor solution that can be sprayed on combustible surfaces to form thin alkali metal salt crystalline coatings on the combustible surfaces when and as water molecules in the liquid fire inhibitor evaporate to the environment during drying operations, to inhibit fire ignition, flame spread and smoke development.

The present invention discloses a composition and the use of the same in fire control applications. The composition comprises a compound of Formula I or any negatively charged deprotonated form thereof or mixtures thereof, a compound of Formula IIa or IIb or any positively charged or tautomeric form thereof or mixtures thereof and a booster. The booster is selected from the group consisting of a hydrophobic component, an amphiphilic component, a rheology modifier and any mixture thereof. Methods for production are also disclosed. ##STR00001##

A novel flame retardant and fire extinguishing product for preventing and fighting fires in solid materials is disclosed herein. The product is thixotropic and non-toxic, and comprises water, one or more flame retardants, one or more stabilizers, and one or more preservatives. In some embodiments, the product further comprises one or more thickeners, one or more binders, one or more fining agents, one or more firming agents, one or more water retention agents, one or more water-soluble fluoropolymers or other water-soluble polymers with similar properties, one or more detergents, and/or one or more surfactants. The product may be used as a flame retardant to prevent fires and in active firefighting. The product may be biodegradable in a natural environment, may be readily cleaned off equipment and materials using water, and may also provide other features which render it safe for the environment as compared to other commonly used products in fire prevention and firefighting.

The present disclosure describes a method and a system of producing a fire suppression medium. The method includes introducing a solvent and an alkali metal or a salt of the alkali metal into the mixer and dissolving the alkali metal or the salt of the alkali metal in the solvent to create an alkali metal solution. The method also includes filtering and analyzing a sample of the alkali metal solution. If the filtered alkali metal solution does not have a sufficient alkali metal content, the method includes introducing and dissolving additional alkali metal or the salt of the alkali metal into the alkali metal solution. If the filtered alkali metal solution has the sufficient alkali metal content, the method includes filtering the alkali metal solution to remove residual alkali metal or residual salt of the alkali metal to create and collect a saturated alkali metal solution.

A remotely-triggered wildfire defense spraying system installed on property with a building, and adapted for spraying the building and property with an environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor for defending against wildfire by inhibiting fire ignition and flame spread caused by hot flying wildfire embers created during a wildfire storm. The wildfire defense spraying system includes: a storage tank containing environmentally-clean liquid fire inhibitor comprising an alkali metal salt of a nonpolymeric carboxylic acid, and triethyl citrate (TEC) dissolved in water according to a prespecified formulation, wherein the environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor remains stable without the formation of solids at expected operating temperatures, and for immediate spraying on property. A fluid pumping loop having a hydraulic pump system is connected to spray heads and the storage tank, and is operably controlled by a remote control switch. When the hydraulic pump system is remotely activated by a remotely generated trigger signal (e.g. from a mobile smartphone or remote wildfire detection system), the hydraulic pump system pumps environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor from the storage tank and through the spray heads to produce a spray pattern of environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor covering the combustible surfaces on the property. As water molecules in the sprayed environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor evaporate to the environment, fire-inhibiting alkali metal salt crystalline coatings form on the sprayed combustible surfaces, inhibiting fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wildfire embers.

The present invention is directed to magnesium chloride fire retardant compositions, including fire retardant concentrate compositions and fire retardant solutions. In particular, the present invention is directed to solid (e.g., particulate) magnesium chloride concentrate compositions. More particularly, various aspects of the present invention are directed to powder magnesium chloride fire retardant concentrates. The present invention is also directed to methods for preparing magnesium chloride fire retardant solutions from magnesium chloride concentrate compositions of the present invention.

A wildfire defense spraying process for spraying and protecting property and combustible surfaces with an environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor that inhibits fire ignition and flame spread caused by hot flying wildfire embers created during a wildfire storm. The wildfire defense spraying process involves maintaining a storage tank containing a supply of environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor comprising a major amount of tripotassium citrate (TPC) and minor amount of triethyl citrate (TEC) dissolved in a major amount of water according to a prespecified formulation, wherein the environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor remains stable without the formation of solids at expected operating temperatures, and ready for immediate spraying on combustible property. When a spraying-trigger signal is received by an automated wildfire detection system, a mobile phone or other intelligent source, an electric-powered hydraulic pump system is automatically energized and pumps environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor from the storage tank through piping, under pressure, to spray heads mounted about the property, to produce a spray pattern of environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor that covers all the property and combustible surfaces to be defended against wildfire. When the hydraulic pump system completes its pumping operations, the hydraulic pump system automatically shuts off. As water molecules in the sprayed environmentally-clean water-based liquid fire inhibitor evaporates to the environment, thin fire-inhibiting potassium salt crystalline coatings form on the sprayed combustible surfaces, inhibiting fire ignition and flame spread in the presence of wildfire embers.

A forest fire retardant composition contains a retardant compound that includes a phosphate salt. The phosphate salt may include diammonium phosphate, diammonium orthophosphate, monoammonium phosphate, monoammonium orthophosphate, monosodium phosphate, disodium phosphate, disodium phosphate hydrate, sodium ammonium phosphate, sodium ammonium phosphate hydrate, sodium tripolyphosphate, trisodium phosphate, or dipotassium phosphate, and combinations thereof. The forest fire retardant composition may include an ammonium source. The composition may be in the form of a dry concentrate, a liquid concentrate, or a final diluted product. The final diluted product is effective in suppressing, retarding, and controlling forest fires while exhibiting corrosion resistance and low toxicity.