Preloading a containment vessel with Low Vapor Pressure (LVP) liquid; partially evacuating the containment vessel to generate a vacuum in a headspace above the LVP liquid; and relieving material from a process vessel into the containment vessel during a process relief event in the process vessel. The containment vessel pressure may be equalized with ambient conditions prior to preloading the LVP liquid. The containment vessel size and quantity of LVP liquid may be determined to absorb the energy and mass of relieving fluids from the maximum anticipated relief scenario, permitting the gases to condense to liquid form to be recovered in liquid state instead of atmospherically venting or combusting the gases. The containment vessel headspace may be partially occupied with High Vapor Pressure (HVP) liquid comprising C5-C10 hydrocarbons configured to flash during the evacuation step to create and occupy a headspace, providing additional head space volume and heat rejection capacity.

A system for storing air at high pressure underground or underwater includes a plurality of arrays of air tanks, each tank configured to store compressed air at a pressure of at least 40 bar. A piping system connects between an outlet of each air tank, the piping system further including at least one central port for delivering compressed air to and from a respective array. A storage receptacle surrounds the arrays and piping system, protecting the arrays and piping system from an external environment, and thermally insulating the arrays and piping system. A liquid bath is arranged within the storage receptacle. A heat exchanger is configured to maintain a temperature of the liquid bath substantially constant. The storage receptacle may be comprised of plastic pieces welded together in a modular fashion. Each piece may be a cylindrical tube configured to receive therein one or more of the arrays.

The invention relates to a method for storing and distributing liquefied hydrogen using a facility that comprises a store of liquid hydrogen at a predetermined storage pressure, a source of hydrogen gas, a liquefier comprising an inlet connected to the source and an outlet connected to the liquid hydrogen store, the store comprising a pipe for drawing liquid, comprising one end connected to the liquid hydrogen store and one end intended for being connected to at least one mobile tank, the method comprising a step of liquefying hydrogen gas supplied by the source and a step of transferring the liquefied hydrogen into the store, characterized in that the hydrogen liquefied by the liquefier and transferred into the store has a temperature lower than the bubble temperature of hydrogen at the storage pressure.

To provide a gas filling device in which its assembly work is simplified by unitizing a housing body and the total number of assembly steps is reduced, thereby achieving high production efficiency. A gas filling device 100 according to the present invention including a lower unit 10 housing a heat exchanger 13 on a base frame 1; an intermediate unit 20 located above the lower unit 10 and housing a display; a top unit 30 located above the intermediate unit 20 and housing a flow meter 33; and side units 40 located on both sides of the lower unit 10 and the intermediate unit 20 and housing filling hoses having filling nozzles at their tips.

To provide a method for assembling a gas filling device in which its assembly work is simplified by unitizing a housing body and the total number of assembly steps is reduced, thereby achieving high production efficiency. A method for assembling a gas filling device 100 according to the present invention including the steps of: installing a base frame 1; placing a lower unit 10 containing a heat exchanger 13 on the installed base frame 1; positioning an intermediate unit 20 including a display above the lower unit 10; arranging side units 40 on both sides of the lower unit 10 and the intermediate unit 20, the side units 40 housing filling hoses having filling nozzles at their tips; and arranging a top unit 30 containing a flow meter 33 above the intermediate unit 20.

A hydrogen supply method includes a first fluid circulation operation in which a first fluid sequentially circulates through a first fluid circulation line including a first heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between the first fluid and an external fluid, a compressor, a second heat exchanger, and an expansion member. The hydrogen supply method further includes a (2-1).sup.th fluid circulation operation in which a second fluid circulates through a second fluid circulation line through which the second fluid circulates and exchanges heat with the first fluid in the second heat exchanger. The (2-1).sup.th fluid circulation operation includes allowing the second fluid to sequentially circulate through the second heat exchanger, a hydrogen storage including a metal or alloy that adsorbs hydrogen, and a pump through the second fluid circulation line.

A hydrogen supply method including a (1-1).sup.th fluid circulation operation in which a first fluid sequentially circulates through a first fluid circulation line including a first heat exchanger in which the first fluid and an external fluid exchange heat therebetween, a first flow rate control member that controls flow of the first fluid, a compressor, the first flow rate control member, a second heat exchanger, and an expansion member. The hydrogen supply method further includes a (2-1).sup.th fluid circulation operation in which a second fluid circulates through a second fluid circulation line through which the second fluid circulates and exchanges heat with the first fluid in the second heat exchanger.

A hydrogen supply device including at least one hydrogen tank, at least one hydrogen circuit and at least one upstream container joined to the hydrogen tank, as well as at least one removable downstream container. The upstream and downstream containers are configured to occupy an assembled state, in which the upstream and downstream containers are connected, and a detached state in which the upstream and downstream containers are not joined. The hydrogen circuit has an upstream segment positioned in the upstream container, a downstream segment positioned in the downstream container, as well as a first connection system which connects the upstream and downstream segments when the upstream and downstream containers are in the assembled state. Thus, each downstream container may be uninstalled and removed from the aircraft without it being necessary to uninstall the hydrogen tank.

A vehicle including a vehicle frame with an upper frame edge, a front axle with one front wheel, a rear axle with a rear wheel and a cryogenic container arranged laterally of the vehicle frame, and the cryogenic container is arranged in an installation space available, and a connection line runs to the cryogenic container or to an operating component of the cryogenic container located in the installation space through one of the following spandrels outside of the installation space available: through a rear wheel spandrel between the installation space and the rear wheel; through a front wheel spandrel between the installation space and the front wheel; through a lower construction spandrel between the installation space and an extruded triangle above the road; or, through a semi-trailer spandrel between the installation space and a pivoting region of a semi-trailer mounted on the vehicle.

A system for storing air at high pressure underground or underwater includes a plurality of arrays of air tanks, each tank configured to store compressed air at a pressure of at least 40 bar. A piping system connects between an outlet of each air tank, the piping system further including at least one central port for delivering compressed air to and from a respective array. A storage receptacle surrounds the arrays and piping system, protecting the arrays and piping system from an external environment, and thermally insulating the arrays and piping system. A liquid bath is arranged within the storage receptacle. A heat exchanger is configured to maintain a temperature of the liquid bath substantially constant. The storage receptacle may be comprised of plastic pieces welded together in a modular fashion. Each piece may be a cylindrical tube configured to receive therein one or more of the arrays.