A dosing vessel includes a reservoir having an inlet and an outlet and is configured to contain a supply of a cryogenic liquid with a headspace above. The outlet is configured to be connected to a dosing arm having a dosing head. A low pressure sensor is configured to detect a vapor pressure in the headspace. A high pressure sensor is configured to detect a pressure in a bottom portion of the reservoir. An inlet valve is in fluid communication with the inlet of the reservoir and is placed in communication with a source of cryogenic liquid. A controller is in communication with the high and low pressure sensors and the inlet valve and is configured to store a preset liquid level or a preset differential pressure corresponding to the preset liquid level, to determine a measured differential pressure based on data from the high and low pressure sensors and to control the inlet valve based on the measured differential pressure and the preset liquid level or the preset differential pressure so that a liquid level of a cryogenic liquid stored in the reservoir is generally maintained at the preset liquid level.

A portable, modular fueling system for the storage, dispensing and offloading of fuel from a rail vehicle to one or more other fuel storage vessels is disclosed. The system module is self-contained on an ISO standardized intermodal platform. The module is capable of being in fluid communication with a plurality of modular storage vessels, either rail-bound or wayside, such as for delivering fuel to a fuel tender or a locomotive. Electrical power, equipment storage, lighting, and compressed air may be located on the intermodal rail car or in a support module, such as either ground-based or rail-mobile. Alternatively, the platform can be mounted to a trailer chassis, or affixed to a land-based foundation matching the standardized intermodal container footprint. Control of the fuel system is provided by automatic means with manual override.

A hydrogen discharge control system controls a hydrogen discharge flow rate in a hydrogen engine vehicle that discharges hydrogen from a hydrogen tank in which a resin liner is laminated on an inner wall, to a hydrogen engine, in accordance with an accelerator operation amount. The hydrogen discharge control system comprises a control device. The control device estimates a temperature attained in the hydrogen tank after a predetermined time elapses with the accelerator operation amount at a maximum during an on operation of an accelerator, based on a temporal temperature gradient in the hydrogen tank and a temperature in the hydrogen tank, and when the temperature attained is no higher than a first predetermined temperature, performs discharge limit control for limiting a maximum value of the hydrogen discharge flow rate from the hydrogen tank to a predetermined flow rate.

A metering device for attaching to a container configured to store a fluid, the device including: a valve configured to control the amount of fluid dispensed from the container; a user interface comprising at least one control configured to operate the valve between an open position and a closed position; and a control circuit configured to set a threshold amount of the fluid to be dispensed from the container, where the control circuit is configured to override the user interface and close the valve when the threshold amount of fluid to be dispensed has been reached.

An emergency breakaway coupling, which is a disconnect coupling, is configured such that a first coupler and a second coupler thereof are connected under normal conditions and the first coupler and the second coupler are disconnected during an emergency. A disconnect detecting device includes a detecting piece and a moving piece that are arranged in the emergency breakaway coupling. The disconnect detecting device detects the disconnect of the emergency breakaway coupling due to the movement of the moving piece from the detecting piece. The detecting piece and the moving piece are arranged in the emergency breakaway coupling such that a moving direction O2-O2 of the moving piece moving from the detecting piece is in parallel with a disconnecting direction O1-O1 of the first coupler disconnecting from the second coupler.

Embodiments of systems and methods for transporting fuel and carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) in a dual-fluid vessel thereby minimizing transportation between locations are disclosed. In an embodiment, the dual-fluid vessel has an outer shell with two or more inner compartments, positioned within the outer shell, including a first inner compartment for storing CO.sub.2 and a second inner compartment for storing fuel. The dual-fluid vessel may connect or attach to a transportation vehicle to thereby allow transportation of the fuel and CO.sub.2. Insulation may provide temperature regulation for the fuel and CO.sub.2 when positioned in the respective first and second inner compartments. One or more ports having an opening in and through the outer shell and a fluid pathway to one or more of the first inner compartment or the second inner compartment may provide fluid communication through the opening and fluid pathway for loading/offloading the fuel and/or CO.sub.2.

A cryogenic energy storage system comprises at least one cryogenic fluid storage tank having an output; a primary conduit through which a stream of cryogenic fluid may flow from the output of the fluid storage tank to an exhaust; a pump within the primary conduit downstream of the output of the tank for pressurising the cryogenic fluid stream; evaporative means within the primary conduit downstream of the pump for vaporising the pressurised cryogenic fluid stream; at least one expansion stage within the primary conduit downstream of the evaporative means for expanding the vaporised cryogenic fluid stream and for extracting work therefrom; a secondary conduit configured to divert at least a portion of the cryogenic fluid stream from the primary conduit and reintroduce it to the fluid storage tank; and pressure control means within the secondary conduit for controlling the flow of the diverted cryogenic fluid stream and thereby controlling the pressure within the tank. The secondary conduit is coupled to the primary conduit downstream of one or more of the at least one expansion stages.

A pressure vessel system for a vehicle includes a pressure vessel and a fuel line. The system also includes a blocking unit which, in an inoperative state, prevents fuel from passing out of the pressure vessel into the fuel line. A control unit for the blocking unit is designed, under the action of electrical energy, to transfer the blocking unit from the inoperative state into an active state in which fuel can pass out of the pressure vessel into the fuel line. Furthermore, the system includes an electrically conducting connection to an electrical system of the vehicle via which electrical energy can be provided for controlling the blocking unit. In addition, the system includes an access interface unit via which electrical energy for controlling the blocking unit can be provided from an external energy supply if no electrical energy is available from the electrical system of the vehicle.

A mobile hydrogen fueling system for use in fueling mobile hydrogen vehicles includes: a towing vehicle with a hydrogen powered fuel cell that powers the towing vehicle, and a trailer. The trailer includes a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen fuel transport device such as a gas compressor or a liquid pump, and a dispenser attached to the hydrogen tank that dispenses hydrogen to a receiving hydrogen tank. A controller regulates the hydrogen fuel transport device and thus the flow of hydrogen that the dispenser dispenses.

Disclosed is a method for automatically replacing high-pressure gas barrels, in which when loading a high-pressure gas barrel is loaded on the lift of a cabinet so as to supply gas to the wafer production line in the semiconductor fabrication FAB process facility, at the time point of replacement of the high-pressure gas barrel, a used high-pressure gas barrel is separated from a connector holder and then a new high-pressure gas barrel is connected to the connector holder.