In a clean boiler with steam conversion and hydrogen/oxygen pre-blending, the clean boiler comprises two identical boiler bodies integrated to form a single entity. The clean boiler comprises two slim cavities, four water-containing chambers and four combustors, which is heated at wide faces and generates steams rapidly. The boiler comprises an integrate body containing two independent boiler bodies (1), and each of the independent boiler bodies (1) contains an independent boiler chamber (19). A steam conversion and transformation system is simultaneously provided for introducing a part of steam into the independent boiler chamber (19). High temperature of the boiler chamber (19) is utilized to promote a decomposition of the steam into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2. Water formed by H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 is utilized as a fuel to provide a self-sustaining combustion and heating, thus reducing a dependence on a primary energy source, reducing carbon emissions and protecting the environment.

The present invention provides an infrared hydrogen/oxygen combustor. The structure of the combustor includes a sinus ring (1). A surrounding foot (12) of the angle-shaped sinus ring (1) wraps a material-containing basin (14). A first small tube (16) and a second small tube (7) are connected the material-containing basin (14) and the angle-shaped sinus ring (1). Water solution (3) is contained in the material-containing basin (14). A straight-hole ceramic water-absorbing board (5) is provided on the upper part of the water solution (3), a spacing ring (6) is provided above the side of the material-containing basin (14) and in the upward ring of the angle-shaped sinus ring (1), a two-stage material-containing box (9) with a separated brake is provide on one side of the angle-shaped sinus ring (1). The technical scheme of the invention reduces the production cost, the pollution and protects the environment.

An installation includes a steam generator and a steam load, wherein the steam load requires a first steam quantity in a normal mode and a second larger steam quantity in the event of a fault, and steam is instantaneously generated by an instantaneous steam generator in order to provide the second steam quantity.

A method of operating an oxycombustion circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler that includes a furnace having a grid at its bottom section, a solid material separator connected to an upper part of the furnace, and an external solid material handling system. Oxidant gas is introduced into the CFB boiler through the grid as fluidizing gas, the fluidizing gas including recirculating flue gas. Fuel material is introduced into the circulating fluidized bed. A sulfur reducing agent including CaCO.sub.3 is introduced into the circulating fluidized bed. Solid material is circulated out of the furnace and provides an external circulation of solid material via the external solid material handling system. The solid material is fluidized in the external solid material handling system by introducing a fluidizing medium including recirculating flue gas into the handling system. A predetermined amount of steam is introduced into the handling system as a component of the fluidizing medium.

A system for boiling a fluid to produce a vapor through the reaction of one or more reactive gases within the fluid is generally disclosed. The system may include a gas meter to provide specific quantities of the one or more gases to a reaction zone. The system can include electrodes that are constantly operating. Once the one or more gases pass between the electrodes from the gas meter, the electrodes automatically ignite the gas or gases without requiring control systems to trigger the electrodes' operation. The vapor and/or resultant thermal energy generated by the system can be used to provide heat, steam, warmed water, and/or other reactants for use. The vapor generated by the system can be used for power generation to turn a turbine, to provide heat via a radiator, or for various other uses.

A method of oxy-combustion includes providing an electrolyzer feedstock to at least an electrolyzer cell; separating the electrolyzer feedstock into a hydrogen feedstock and an oxygen feedstock using the at least one electrolyzer cell; combusting a first feedstock derived from the hydrogen feedstock and a second feedstock derived from the oxygen feedstock in a furnace; controlling one or more of a second feedstock composition or a pressure in the furnace; and recycling an exhaust steam from the furnace, wherein at least one portion of exhaust steam from the furnace is recycled in at least one of a steam feedstock and the electrolyzer feedstock.

A system for boiling a fluid to produce a vapor through the reaction of one or more reactive gases within the fluid is generally disclosed. The system may include a gas meter to provide specific quantities of the one or more gases to a reaction zone. The system can include electrodes that are constantly operating. Once the one or more gases pass between the electrodes from the gas meter, the electrodes automatically ignite the gas or gases without requiring control systems to trigger the electrodes' operation. The vapor and/or resultant thermal energy generated by the system can be used to provide heat, steam, warmed water, and/or other reactants for use. The vapor generated by the system can be used for power generation to turn a turbine, to provide heat via a radiator, or for various other uses.

Modern thermal power plants based on classical thermodynamic power cycles suffer from an upper bound efficiency restriction imposed by the Carnot principle. This disclosure teaches how to break away from the classical thermodynamics paradigm in configuring a thermal power plant so that its efficiency will not be restricted by the Carnot principle. The power generation system described herein makes a path for the next generation of low-to-moderate temperature thermal power plants to run at significantly higher efficiencies powered by renewable energy. This disclosure also reveals novel high-performance power schemes with integrated fuel cell technology, driven by a variety of fuels such as hydrogen, ammonia, syngas, methane and natural gas, leading toward low-to-zero emission power generation for the future.

A power source and hydride reactor is provided comprising a reaction cell comprising a solid reaction mixture which undergoes one or more chemical reactions providing a net positive enthalpy of reaction. Power and chemical plants that can be operated continuously using electrolysis or thermal regeneration reactions involving these solid fuels are also provided herein. The solid fuel reaction mixture may comprise: (a) inorganic halide, inorganic oxide selected from Y.sub.2O.sub.3, SnO.sub.2, As.sub.2O.sub.3, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, FeO, TeO.sub.2, P.sub.2O.sub.5 , and SeO.sub.2, inorganic nitrate selected from NaNO.sub.3 and LiNO.sub.3, metal carbide selected from TiC, and WC, inorganic nitride selected from Mg.sub.3N.sub.2, AlN, Zn.sub.3N.sub.2, and Ca.sub.3N.sub.2, inorganic sulfide selected from Li.sub.2S, ZnS, CoS, Sb.sub.2S.sub.5, MnS, Cu.sub.2S, Y.sub.2S.sub.3, CuS, FeS, Sb.sub.2S.sub.5, and CS.sub.2, inorganic boride selected from CrB.sub.2 and TiB.sub.2, or combinations thereof; (b) metal hydride or metal hydroxide; and (c) one or more metals.

A device and method for generating electrical energy from hydrogen and oxygen, includes a combustion engine, a heat recovery steam generator connected into the exhaust gas duct of the combustion engine, wherein the heat recovery steam generator has only one pressure stage. An H.sub.2O.sub.2 reactor is provided to which steam from the heat recovery steam generator, water, oxygen and hydrogen are fed, such that, in the H.sub.2O.sub.2 reactor, a reaction of oxygen and hydrogen forms steam, the water that is introduced is evaporated, additional steam is generated, the resultant superheated steam is fed to a steam turbine, and a generator connected to the steam turbine provides an electric power. High-pressure feed water is injected from the heat recovery steam generator into the H.sub.2O.sub.2 reactor via a line to control the reaction in the H.sub.2O.sub.2 reactor in a targeted manner and set the steam exit temperature from the H.sub.2O.sub.2 reactor.